Reproductive system 2

Question 1

Functions of the female reproductive system

Answer 1

-Produces ova through oogenesis
-Receives sperm
-Maintains developing foetus
-Gives birth (parturition)
-Nourished the newborn (lactation)

Question 2

What are the components of the female reproductive tract

Answer 2

-Ovaries
-Fallopian tubes
-Uterus
-Cervix
-Vagina and Vestibule
-Vulva
-Ligaments

Question 3

What are the functions of ovaries

Answer 3

-Used for oogenesis, which is the production of ovum from an immature oocyte.
-Produces oestrogen (stimulated by LH) by cells of developing ovarian follicles
-Causes changes to prepare animals for pregnancy (progestins prepare uterus)

Question 4

Structure of ovaries

Answer 4

-Outer layer of epithelium and inner layer of dense connective tissue
-Divided into Medulla (connective tissue, vessels, nerves) and Cortex (surrounds medulla and consists of ovarian follicles, each with an oocyte, imbedded in connective tissue)

Question 5

Function of the fallopian tubes

Answer 5

-Transports oocyte from ovary to ampulla
-Transports spermatozoa from isthmus to ampulla
-Transports zygote to uterine horns for implantation

Question 6

Function of ampulla

Answer 6

Site of fertilisation

Question 7

3 parts of fallopian tubes

Answer 7

1. Infundibulum: captures oocyte
2. Ampulla: site of fertilisation
3. Isthmus: site of sperm maturation

Question 8

Functions of the uterus

Answer 8

-Transports spermatozoa to fallopian tubes
-Grows offspring by supplying them with nutrients
-Transports foetus out of body during parturition

Question 9

Uterine wall layers

Answer 9

1. Endometrium: thickens under progesterone influence
2. Myometrium: Made of smooth muscle
3. Peritoneum: Outer layer

Question 10

Cervix functions

Answer 10

-Connects uterus to vagina
-Provides storage and helps survival of sperm by letting it into uterine body when fertilisation is possible

Question 11

Vagina location and function

Answer 11

-Located between cervix and external urethral orifice
-Receives penis during mating and acts as birth canal during parturition

Question 12

Vestibule function

Answer 12

-Has muscles that constrict around dog’s penis during copulatory tie.

Question 13

Vulva function

Answer 13

-External opening of urogenital tract
-Becomes swollen when bitch is in oestrus
-Split into Labia and Clitoris

Question 14

Suspensory ligament function

Answer 14

attaches ovary to body wall near last rib

Question 15

Mesovarium

Answer 15

ligament that connects ovary to dorsal abdominal cavity

Question 16

Ovarian artery function

Answer 16

-provides blood to ovary, uterine tube and uterine horn

Question 17

Oocyte maturation steps

Answer 17

1. Immature oocytes are stored in cortex of ovary
2. Cortex produces ova
3. Ova develop within a follicle and are released during ovulation.
4. After ovulation, the follicle turns into the Corpus Luteum
5. If theres no pregnancy, the Corpus Luteum degenerates
   -if there is a pregnancy, the Corpus Luteum produces progesterone to support it.

Question 18

What are cyclic cycles

Answer 18

recurring cycles

Question 19

What are acyclic cycles

Answer 19

Ovulation is induced by stimuli

Question 20

Difference between mare repro tract and others

Answer 20

Mare has long uterine body and 2 short uterine horns, Other animals have a short uterine body and 2 long uterine horns