Urinary incontinence Flashcards
Define stress incontinence
When pelvic floor muscles are weak (from giving birth, being an athlete, etc.) it can’t hold urine in when there is pressure, so you accidentally urinate when stress happens from things like sneezing, laughing, running
Define urge incontinence
Not being able to hold the urine until reaching bathroom because bladder contracts before you want it to
Define overflow
Usually found in men with an enlarged prostate. the enlarged prostate squeezes on urethra, making the urethra so strong, it blocks urine from coming out, even when px wants to pee. Eventually, the bladder gets fuller, eventually making urine leak out on its own. The px can’t fix this bc they can’t pee it out like normal
Define nocturnal enuresis
Peeing during sleep. Mainly in children because nerve signals telling brain bladder is full and to wake up to pee has immature pathways
Define functional incontinence
Inability to reach toilet in time and physical hurdles like a locked door
Define reflex incontinence
Spontaneous emptying of bladder. Pxs need a urinary bag or catheter in this situation
Non-pharm way to help stress incontinence
Do pelvic floor muscles exercises
What muscle and action of that muscle causes urge incontinence?
The detrusor muscle overacting under cholinergic control
Drug class for urge incontinence? (2)
- Anticholinergics
- beta-adrenergic receptors/beta agonist
What do anticholinergics and beta agonists do for urge incontinence?
relaxes the detrusor muscle
SE of anticholinergics
blurred vision, nausea, drowsiness, urinary retention (a se that we want)
SE of beta agonist
hypertension, increased contractility of heart
What do we want to encourage when bladder is overflowed?
Encourage urination
What drug class do we use in overflow incontinence that we also treat benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) with?
Alpha blockers
MOA of alpha blockers
Relaxes sphincter and prostate smooth muscle
