Urinary Exam Flashcards
Acute glomerulonephritis
Allergic inflammation/damage of the glomeruli in nephrons
Nephrotic Syndrome
Kidney disorder that causes the body to excrete too much protein in the urine
Acute Renal Failure
Rapid destruction/degeneration of nephron tubules
Pyelonephritis
Kidney/Renal Pelvis infection caused by bacteria
Hydronephrosis
Distention of renal pelvis/Calyces
Renal Calculi
Kidney Stones (Uroliths, Nephrolithiasis)
Cystitis
Inflammation of the Bladder (Most of the time means UTI)
Urethritis
Inflammation of the Urethra
Polycystic Kidney Disease
Defect of collecting tubules in kidneys cortex
Clusters of cysts develop in the kidneys
Neurogenic Bladder
Loss or impairment of bladder function caused by neurologic damage.
Bladder Tumors
- Almost always malignany
- Metastisize quickly
- Smoking is predominant cause
Wilms’ Tumor
Rare kidney cancer that affects primarily children. Most common cancer of the kidneys in children. (Neuroblastoma)
Prostatic Hypertrophy
Male condition where the prostate gland grows larger than normal.
Oliguria
Scanty Urine/Very little amount wise
Polyuria
Production of large amounts of urine
Dysuria
Painful urination
Anuria
No urine output
Pyuria
Pus in the urine
Nocturia
urinating at night
Hematuria
Blood in the urine
Gylcosuria
Excess of sugar in the urine; associated with diabetes or kidney disease
Proteinuria
Abnormal quantities of protein in the urine
Incontinence
Can’t hold in urine
Uremia
- Toxic Condition
- Abnormally high levels of waste products in blood
Urea
Waste product excreted by kidneys when you urinate
Micturition
Urination. Process of excreting urine from the urinary bladder.
Homeostasis
Balance between elements in the body
Trigone
Triangular region or tissue, particularly the area at the base of the urinary bladder, between the openings of the ureters and urethra
Diuretic
To get rid of fluid/water (pill or medicine)
Uroliths
Urinary Stones
Enuresis
Involuntary urination, Incontinence
Nephrolithiasis
Kidney Stones
Urgency
Having to urinate suddenly or very quickly
Frequency
Having to urinate a lot, very often
Ischemia
Holding back or obstructing the flow of blood
Necrosis
The death of most or all of the cells in an organ or tissue due to disease, injury, or failure of the blood supply
Nephr/o
Kidney(s)
Cyst/o
Bladder, sac
Ur/o
Urine
Pyel/o
Kidney
Py/o
Pus
Pyr/o
Fever, heat
Cyt/o
Cell
Ureter/o
Ureter
Lith
Stone
Lithiasis
Formation of stony concretions in body (urinary system)
Filtration
- Water & dissolved substances filter out of glomeruli into Bowman Capsule
- Continuously in renal corpuscles
Reabsorption
-Movement of substances out of renal tubules into blood in surrounding capillaries
Secretion
Movement of substances into urine in the distal/collecting tubules from blood in surrounding capillaries
Functions of the urinary system
- Remove waste products and drugs from the body.
- Balance the body’s fluids.
- Release hormones to regulate blood pressure.
- Control production of red blood cells.
- Producing, storing, and excreting urine
Body Parts that make up the Urinary System
- 2 kidneys
- 2 ureters
- Urinary Bladder
- Urethra
What parts make up the renal corpuscle?
Glomerulus & the Bowmans Capsule
Where does filtration take place?
Inside the Bowman Space/Capsule which holds the Glomerulus
Ureter: function & location
- Carries urine from kidney to bladder
- Urine flows by waves of contractions that pass through the muscle layers
Urethra: function & location
carries urine from bladder to the outside of the body
Urinary Bladder: function & location
- Stores urine to allow urination to be infrequent and controlled
- Above and behind pubic bone
