Urinary Elimination + Specimen Collection Flashcards
micturition
urinating
voiding
urinating
elimination
urinating
5 things urine production is affected by
- age
- disease
- amount+type of fluid intake
- dietary
- medications
the normal adult excretes how many mL’s of urine per day?
1500 mLs/day
what is the minimum intake of fluid for adults in order to survive
1500 mLs/day
healthy fluid intake for adults
2000-2500 mLs
diuretic
causing increase in urine production
high salt diet’s impact on urine production
decrease of urine production as salt causes body to retain water
observations of normal urine
- pale, yellow, staw colour
- sweetish smell
- no pain when voiding
what should a PSW note about client’s urine
- the colour
- the clarity
- the amount
- any particles
dysuria
difficulty urinating
hematuria
blood in urine
nocturia
nightime urination
oliguria
scant amount of urine
polyuria
many or large amounts of urine
urinary incontinence
inability to voluntarily control elimination
stress incontinence
when someone leaks urine during exercise or certain movements ; anything that puts stress on body and intra-abdominal pressure
urge incontinence
lose urine response to sudden urge to void ; common with UTI or enlarged prostate
overflow incontinence
when you don’t recognize the bladder is full; leaking urine when bladder is too full; feeling as if bladder never empties
functional incontinence
incontinence only because client cant functionally get to the bathroom in time; most preventable form of incontinence for PSW
reflex incontinence
loss of urine at more predictable intervals when bladder is full; common for spinal cord injuries; catheters can be used
urinary catheter
a tube that is inserted in the urethra
urethra
opening of the bladder
four types of catheters
- straight
- in-dwelling/foley
- suprapubic
- condom catheter
catheters require which kind of asepsis?
surgical asepsis
straight catheter
tube inserted in urethra that drains bladder and is removed after one use
in-dwelling/foley catheter
tube inserted through urethra into the bladder with a balloon that is inflated inside to prevent the catheter from slipping out
suprapubic catheter
catheter that is surgically inserted through abdomen, above pubic bone, and into the bladder
meatus
insertion point of catheter
random urine specimen collection
collected for analysis; no special prep needed; anytime of day; maintain sterility of container
Midstream/Culture&Sensitivity specimen collection
captured middle stream of urine; periarea is cleaned prior to specimen being taken; identifies any bacteria and appropriate antibiotics
culture & sensitivity collection (C&S)
culture = type of bacteria sensitivity = antibiotics bacteria is sensitive to
24 hour specimen collection
collect all specimen to be tested for 24 hours in order to have more accurate sense (urine or feces)
occult blood specimen collection
testing blood you can’t see with the naked eye
cytology sputum specimen collection
examination of tissue samples ; scraping back of throat
AFB sputum specimen collection
Acid-Fast Bacilli - testing for the bacteria that causes tuberculosis
ova & parasites stool specimen collection
checking for parasites in the stool
edema
swelling/fluid in the tissues
what needs to be measured for intake
all fluid taken by mouth (coffee, juice, oatmeal, cereal, ice cream, jello, things that a liquid at room temperature), IV fluids, tube feeding
what needs to be measured for output
- urine
- vomitus/emesis
- diarrhea
- wound drainage
30 ml in oz/ounces
1 oz
how many mL in 1 cup?
250 mL
How many ounces in 1 cup
8 oz
How many mL in 1 quart
1000 mL
how many ounces in 1 quart
32 oz
fracture pan
thinner rim bedpan; used for clients with fragile bones, hip fracture, limited back motion
commode
portable chair or wheelchair with an opening for a bedpan or container that allows normal positioning for elimination
