Urinary Elimination

Question 1

What is one of the most important things to practice to ensure infection control for a catheter insertion?

Answer 1

Practice sterile, surgical asepsis

Question 2

Name the three major parts of the kidney

Answer 2

Cortex, medulla, pelvis

Question 3

Where are the kidney located?

Answer 3

In the retroperitoneal space just below the ribcage on the back.

Question 4

The external landmark for the kidneys is known as the…

Answer 4

Costovertebral angle

Question 5

Most of the blood supply from the kidneys come from the..

Answer 5

Renal arteries which come off of the abdominal aorta

Question 6

Each nephron contains…

Answer 6

A glomerulus, proximal convoluted tubule, descending loop of Henle, ascending loop of Henle, and collecting tubule

Question 7

How many liters of fluid can the kidneys filter per hour?

Answer 7

The kidneys filter 7 liters, 99% of which is reabsorbed

Question 8

How many liters of urine do adults produce per day?

Answer 8

1-3 liters per day

Question 9

What physiological processes are produced in the kidneys?

Answer 9

Erythropoietin (helps in RBC production), activation of vitamin d, creates renin (hormone that regulates blood flow, glomerular filtration, and blood pressure), helps activate ACE which increases blood volume/pressure, uses antidiuretic hormone (ADH) made in the posterior pituitary gland to regulate urine output.

Question 10

Name some catheters

Answer 10

straight catheter, indwelling (Foley) catheters, urinary retention (multiple lumen) catheters, and coude catheters

Question 11

Describe straight catheters

Answer 11

Straight catheters are for one time use and are removed immediately after drainage of urine.

Question 12

Describe indwelling catheters

Answer 12

A type of straight catheter. Used short term and provide closed drainage system for urine

Question 13

Describe retention catheters

Answer 13

A type of straight catheter. Most commonly used post operatively because they have multiple lumens to allow for drainage of urine, irrigation of bladder, and instillation of medications into the bladder.

Question 14

Describe a coude catheter

Answer 14

For patients that have prostatic hyperplasia (enlargement). It has a curved tip for easier insertion.

Question 15

Describe a suprapubic catheter

Answer 15

Similar to indwelling catheters excpet that they are placed through a surgical opening in the abdomen rather than through the urethra.

Question 16

Describe a condom catheter

Answer 16

Have a latex or silicone sheath to place over the penis.

Question 17

What is a drainage system?

Answer 17

the part of catheters that allow you to draw urine from a catheter. This is not on a straight catheter. They generally come in a standard or leg-bag style.

Question 18

how often should you empty a urine collection bag?

Answer 18

At least every 8 hours

Question 19

Where should collection bag be on the patient?

Answer 19

Below the bladder