Urinary Antiseptics Flashcards

1
Q

Properties of Urinary Antiseptics

A
  • these drugs exert antibacterial activity in urine with no systemic activity
  • bacteriostatic, but when given with acidic agent (Ascorbic acid - Vitamin C) (urine pH < 5) they will become bactericidal
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2
Q

Spectrum of Urinary Antiseptics

A

Broad:
→ gram +ve
→ gram -ve
→ Proteus spp.
- only by Fosfomycin

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3
Q

What are Proteus spp.

A

Gram -ve bacteria that causes UTIs and alkalize urine; rendering any antiseptic ineffective

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4
Q

A.D.M.E of Urinary Antiseptics

A

A: well-absorbed in the GIT
M: rapid metabolism in the liver
E: excreted in urine, but the excretion rate is much higher than the metabolism rate; allowing some unchanged fraction of these drugs to reach the urine

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5
Q

Drug-Drug Interations of Urinary Antiseptics

A

Never given with Sulfonamides; because sulfonamides are insoluble and cause Crystalluria in acidic pH, and these drugs work at acidic pH (5 - 5.5)

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6
Q

Adverse Effects of Urinary Antiseptics

A
  • GI distress
  • NVD and anorexia
  • Headache & Dizziness
  • Vaginitis
  • urinary antiseptics can disturb the balance of vaginal normal flora and cause opportunistic vaginitis
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7
Q

RoA of Nitrofurantoin

A

Oral

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8
Q

RoA of M. Mandelate & M. Hippurate

A

Oral

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9
Q

RoA of Fosfomycin

A
  • Oral powder
  • IV
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10
Q

MoA of Nitrofurantoin

A

UNKNOW MoA, but theorized as a DNA synthesis inhibitor

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11
Q

MoA of M. Mandelate & M. Hippurate

A

When the pH is <5, they will release their Formaldehyde group, which is bactericidal

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12
Q

MoA of Fosfomycin

A

Fosfomycin is a cell wall synthesis inhibitor that inhibiting the enolpyruvyl transferase called (MurA)

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13
Q

Indications of Nitrofurantoin

A

Uncontrolled chronic UTIs

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14
Q

Indications of Fosfomycin

A

Reserved as a last resort for severe UTIs; due to its unique MoA

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