Non β-Lactams

Question 1

Properties of Vancomycin

Answer 1

• Vancomycin is stable in refrigerator for 14 days
• Category C; never give in pregnancy

Question 2

RoA of Vancomycin

Answer 2

• IV, slow infusion
• Oral, for one indication only (Pseudomembranous colitis)

Question 3

Spectrum of Vancomycin

Answer 3

Narrow: MRSA

Question 4

A.D.M.E of Vancomycin

Answer 4

A: Vancomycin is not absorbed orally; as it has a very large MW, this makes it useful for local colon infections

Question 5

Indications of Vancomycin

Answer 5

1. Skin and soft tissue infections - MRSA
2. IE in ampicillin allergy or resistance
3. Pseudomonas colitis in ampicillin- induced diarrhea - C. difficile

Question 6

Adverse effects of Vancomycin

Answer 6

• Red man syndrome
• redness and flushing of the skin, caused by vancomycin-induced histamine release - associated with rapid vancomycin infusion, prevented by IV slow infusion
• Phlebitis
• the inflammation of veins in the site of administration
• Ototoxicity & Nephrotoxicity

Question 7

Properties of Daptomycin

Answer 7

• Source: Cyclic lipopeptide
• Source: Streptomyces roseosporus

Question 8

Spectrum of Daptomycin

Answer 8

Narrow: MRSA

Question 9

Indications of Daptomycin

Answer 9

1. Endocarditis (Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci (VER))