Urinary Flashcards

1
Q

Crystals normally present horse urine?

A

Calcium carbonate

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2
Q

Major sites that controls urine volume?

A

Distal tubules and collecting ducts

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3
Q

Isosthenuria

A

‘Fixed’ specific gravity (neither [ ] nor dilute)

B/w 1.008-1.012

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4
Q

Hyposthenuria

A

SG less than 1.008

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5
Q

Method to detect Bence-Jones proteins?

A

Immunoelectrophoresis

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6
Q

What urine pH gives false positive results for proteinuria?

A

Alkaline pH (>8)

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7
Q

Interp: UPC ratio less than 1

A

Normal

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8
Q

Interp: UPC > 1

A

proteinuria

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9
Q

Conditions associated w/ proteinuria composed of mainly albumen?

A

Amyloidosis

Glomerulonephritis

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10
Q

Conditions associated w/ proteinuria composed of mainly globulin?

A

Tubular disease

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11
Q

Dog bladder worm

A

Capillaria (Pearsonema) plica

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12
Q

Urinary Crystal associated with ethylene glycol toxicity

A

Calcium oxalate monohydrate

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13
Q

Urinary crystals found in Dalmatian dogs

A

Uric acid

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14
Q

ADH function

A

Released from pituitary gland -> causes collecting ducts to resorb water -> increased [urine]

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15
Q

What are the components of nephrotic syndrome?

A

Proteinuria
Hypoproteinemia
Edema
Hypercholesterolemia

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16
Q

Calcium status in horses with renal failure?

A

High

17
Q

Calcium status in cattle with renal failure

A

Hypocalcemia

18
Q

Fibrinogen levels in cattle with renal failure

A

Hyperfibrinogenemia

19
Q

With urinary bladder rupture, what confirms the diagnosis?

A

Peritoneal creatinine > blood

20
Q

What does urobilinogen in urine indicate?

A

Bile duct patency

21
Q

In what species does hypophosphatemia occur with renal failure?

A

Horses.

22
Q

Effective of lead on urine

A

Discoloured tan to Brown