Urinary

Question 1

vital organs responsible for filtering blood,
removing waste products, and maintaining fluid and electrolyte
balance.

Answer 1

kidneys

Question 2

three main regions:

Answer 2

renal cortex, renal medulla,
and renal pelvis.

Question 3

is the basic structural and
functional unit of the kidney.

Answer 3

nephron

Question 4

is a long tube-like structure, its length
varying from 35–55 mm long. At one end, the tube is closed, folded
and expanded, into a double-walled, a cuplike structure called the
Bowman’s capsule or renal corpuscular capsule, which encloses a
cluster of microscopic blood vessels called the glomerulus. This
capsule and glomerulus together constitute the renal corpuscle.

Answer 4

mammalian nephron

Question 5

is a long and convoluted structure that emerges
from the glomerulus and can be divided into three parts based on
function.

Answer 5

renal tubule

Question 6

Maximum reabsorption
takes place in PCT of the nephron PCT is the region of renal tubule

Answer 6

Proximal Convoluted Tubule (PCT)

Question 7

has a descending and an ascending limb. Being parts
of the same loop, both the descending and ascending limbs show
different permeability.

Answer 7

Henle’s Loop

Question 8

which is the last part of the nephron, connects and
empties its contents into collecting ducts that line the medullary
pyramids.

Answer 8

Distal Convoluted Tubule (DCT)

Question 9

Collecting duct is a long, straight tube where H+ and K+ ions are

secreted to maintain the electrolyte balance of the blood.

Answer 9

Collecting Duct

Question 10

is a process in the kidneys that removes

water and solutes from the tubular fluid and returns them to the

bloodstream.

Answer 10

Tubular reabsorption

Question 11

is essentially tubular

reabsorption in reverse.

Answer 11

Tubular secretion

Question 12

makes pee yellow

Answer 12

urochrome,

Question 13

two slender tubes each 25 to 30 cm (10
to 12 inches) long and 6 mm (1⁄4 inch) in diameter.

Answer 13

ureters

Question 14

is a smooth, collapsible, muscular sac that stores urine

temporarily. It is located retroperitoneally in the pelvis just posterior to the

pubic symphysis.

Answer 14

urinary bladder

Question 15

thin-walled tube that transports

urine from the bladder to the exterior of the

body.

Answer 15

urethra

Question 16

narrow and about 4

cm long,

Answer 16

Female Urethra

Question 17

urethra is about 17.5–20 cm, four or

five times longer

Answer 17

Male Urethra

Question 18

is the act of emptying the

bladder.

Answer 18

Micturition or voiding,