Urinary Flashcards
6 functions
1 excretion 5 regulation
a layer of connective tissue
Renal capsule
medial side
Hilum
kidney is divided into outer
Cortex
Kidney is divided into inner
Medulla
bases of cone shaped, between cortex and medulla.
Renal pyramids
funnel shaped
Calyx
calyces join to form
Renal pelvis
renal pelvis narrows to form a small tube
the ureter
functional unit of the kidney
Nephron
each nephron consists of
renal capsule, proximal/distal tubule, loop of henlE
convuluted tubes empty into the
collecting duct
multiple collecting ducts empty into a single …
papillary duct
15% of the nephrons, have loops of henle that extend deep into the medulla of the kidney
Juxtamedullary nephrons
the other nephrons 85% are called ___ have loops of henle that do not extend into the medulla
cortical nephrons
the ___ consists of the enlarged end of the nephron which is indented to form a double walled chamber
Bowmans capsule
The _____ is a tuft of capillaries that resemble a ball of yarn
Glomerulus
special cells of bowmans capsule
podocytes
____ occurs when blood pressure nonselectively forces water and other small molecules out of the glomerular capillaries and into the bowmans capusle, forming a fluid called ___
Filtration, Filtrate
help regulate aldosterone
Renin and angiotensin
An enzyme, secreted by cells of the juxtaglomerular apparatuses in the kidneys
Renin
Renin acts on ___, a plasma produced by the liver
Angiotensin
Renin converts angiotensin into
Angiotensin I
with the help of Angiotensin-converting enzyme ___ is produced
angiotensin II
secreted by the posterior pituitary gland. regulates amount of water reabsorbed.
Antidiuretic hormone (ADH)
secreted from cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium of the heart
Atrial natriuretic hormone (ANH)
fluid inside the cells of the body
intracellular fluid compartment
fluids outside the cell of the body
extracellular fluid compartment
increases the rate of active transport of Na+
aldosterone
branch off the abdominal aorta and enter the kidneys
Renal arteries
is formed where the distal convoluted tube comes in contact with the afferent arteriole next to the bowmans capsule
Juxtaglomerular apparatus
Afferent arterioles hvae larger diameters than efferent arterioles (T or F)
True
Urine filtration process
Filtration, Reabsorption, and Secretion
walls of the urinary bladder and ureter
Epithelium, lamina propria, muscular coat, fibrous adventitia
contraction of smooth muscles moves urine
muscular coat
moves urine through the ureters
peristalsis
Stretch of the urinary bladder stimulates a reflex that causes urinary bladder to contract
MIcturition Reflex
