Urinary

Question 1

This is the blood vessel through which blood leaves the glomerulus.

Answer 1

Efferent Arteriole

Question 2

The ascending limb of the loop of Henle is impermeable to which molecule

Answer 2

Water

Question 3

What happens to the urine if there is increased concentration of solutes in the extracellular body fluid?

Answer 3

Decreased volume and concentrated

Question 4

ANP is released by the

Answer 4

Heart

Question 5

gross anatomy of the kidneys?

Answer 5

The kidneys are bean-shaped and almost the same size as that of a fist; right kidney is lower than the left due to liver; retroperitoneal; 1 pair

Question 6

Each kidney is directly enclosed a connective tissue sheet called

Answer 6

Renal capsule

Question 7

This is the part of the kidney where the blood vessels and nerves supplying the kidneys enter and exit

Answer 7

Renal hilum

Question 8

The thicker inner layer of the kidneys is known as

Answer 8

Renal medulla

Question 9

Which vitamin is converted to its active form in the kidneys

Answer 9

D

Question 10

Which of the following is the structural and functional unit of the kidney?

Answer 10

Nephron

Question 11

Which type of nephron is found in the cortex?

Answer 11

Cortical

Question 12

This is a funnel-shaped structure that surrounds the tip of each renal pyramid

Answer 12

Renal calyx

Question 13

Which is known as a tuft of capillaries found in the nephron that plays a role in the process of filtration?

Answer 13

Glomerulus

Question 14

This the enlarged end of the nephron that serves as a double-walled chamber for receiving the filtrate

Answer 14

Bowman’s capsule

Question 15

filtration membrane in the kidneys?

Answer 15

Glomerular capillary endothelium
Podocytes
Basement membrane

Question 16

Renin is secreted by the

Answer 16

Juxtaglomerular cells

Question 17

This group of cells is situated between the afferent and efferent arterioles that detects changes in the sodium levels

Answer 17

Macula densa

Question 18

This process in urine formation refers to the movement of solutes across the wall of the nephron into the interstitial fluid by various transport processes

Answer 18

Tubular reabsorption

Question 19

The driving force of the process of filtration in the kidneys

Answer 19

Systemic blood pressure

Question 20

product of filtration

Answer 20

180 L of filtrate is produced per day, only 1% of which will be excreted as urine

Question 21

How many percent of the cardiac output has to go to the kidneys for filtration?

Answer 21

21%

Question 22

Which of the following pressures in the glomerulus are exerted by the proteins in the blood?

Answer 22

Colloid osmotic pressure

Question 23

Pressure in the Bowman capsule

Answer 23

Capsular pressure

Question 24

TRUE about the filtration pressure?

Answer 24

Glomerular capillary pressure should exceed the sum of the Colloid osmotic pressure and Capsular pressure in order for filtration to take place.

Question 25

Which of the following events would stimulate the activation of the Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone Mechanism?

Answer 25

Decreased blood pressure

Question 26

type of receptors are found in the bladder wall

Answer 26

Sensory stretch receptors

Question 27

major force that causes fluid to move from the glomerular capillary across the filtration membrane?

Answer 27

Glomerular capillary Pressure

Question 28

The primary site for reabsorption of water and solutes is the

Answer 28

Proximal convoluted tubule

Question 29

Aldosterone acts on which part of the renal tubules

Answer 29

DCT & Collecting duct

Question 30

What happens to the urine if there is decreased concentration of solutes in the extracellular body fluid?

Answer 30

Increased volume and diluted

Question 31

The process in urine formation where excess ions, unwanted substances and toxins are up for elimination in the collecting ducts is called

Answer 31

Tubular Secretion

Question 32

Which enzyme converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II?

Answer 32

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Question 33

What stimulates the activation of the Antidiuretic Hormone Mechanism?

Answer 33

High blood solute concentration

Question 34

What happens when ADH is released?

Answer 34

DCT & Collecting tubules become highly permeable to water

Question 35

What is the overall effect if ANP is released into the circulation?

Answer 35

Decreased blood volume and blood pressure

Question 36

Ureter

Answer 36

transport urine from the kidneys to the bladder

Question 37

renal Calyx

Answer 37

Funnel-shaped chamber at the tip of the papilla

Question 38

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 38

renin

Question 39

Vasa recta

Answer 39

vessel that extend deep into the medulla and surrounds the loop and collecting ducts

Question 40

Macula densa

Answer 40

detects changes in the sodium levels of the blood that enters the glomerulus

Question 41

Angiotensin-converting enzyme

Answer 41

conversion of angiotensin I to angiotensin II