Respiratory

Question 1

It is the movement of air into and out of the lungs.

Answer 1

Ventilation

Question 2

parts of the process of respiration

Answer 2

movement of air into and out of the lungs; exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the air in the lungs and the blood; transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide in the blood

Question 3

upper respiratory tract

Answer 3

larynx; Oropharynx; Nasal cavity

Question 4

lower respiratory tract

Answer 4

trachea; Alveoli ; Bronchioles

Question 5

Most of the structures of the external nose is composed of what type of cartilage?

Answer 5

Hyaline

Question 6

The opening to the pharynx found in the nasal cavity is called

Answer 6

Choanae

Question 7

These are bony ridges on the lateral walls on each side of the nasal cavity

Answer 7

Nasal conchae

Question 8

The largest paranasal sinus is the

Answer 8

Maxillary sinus

Question 9

Sneeze reflex, which cranial nerve?

Answer 9

Trigeminal nerve

Question 10

Which part of the respiratory tract serves as the common passageway for both air and food?

Answer 10

Pharynx

Question 11

During swallowing, which structure elevates to close the nasopharynx and prevent entry of food into the nose?

Answer 11

Soft palate & uvula

Question 12

This structure is found on the posterior part of the nasopharynx which is described as an extension of the soft palate?

Answer 12

Uvula

Question 13

The largest cartilage in the larynx is the

Answer 13

Thyroid cartilage

Question 14

The most inferior among the unpaired cartilages in the larynx is the

Answer 14

Cricoid cartilage

Question 15

This structure protects the airway by covering the glottis during the process of swallowing

Answer 15

Epiglottis

Question 16

The epiglottis is made up of what type of cartilage?

Answer 16

Elastic

Question 17

trachea

Answer 17

It is composed of 16-20 C-shaped pieces of hyaline cartilage.

Question 18

This is an involuntary response which results to the contraction of the smooth muscle in the trachea that can narrow its diameter to expel mucus

Answer 18

Cough reflex

Question 19

The left lung has how many lobes?

Answer 19

2

Question 20

anatomy of the primary bronchi?

Answer 20

The right bronchus is wider, shorter and more vertical.

Question 21

The principal organ of respiration

Answer 21

Lungs

Question 22

This is the lipoprotein molecule secreted by cells within the walls of the alveoli that reduces the surface tension in the alveoli

Answer 22

Surfactant

Question 23

This Is the serous membrane that lines the walls of the thorax, diaphragm and mediastinum

Answer 23

Parietal pleura

Question 24

This term refers to the movement of air out of the lungs

Answer 24

Expiration

Question 25

The largest change in the thoracic cavity volume during ventilation is due to the contraction of the

Answer 25

Diaphragm

Question 26

principle in airflow

Answer 26

Air flows from an area of higher pressure to an area of lower pressure.

Question 27

What happens if there is inadequate lung surfactant?

Answer 27

The lung will collapse.

Question 28

This term refers to the pressure in the pleural cavity

Answer 28

Pleural pressure

Question 29

How much is the total lung volume in a young normal male adult?

Answer 29

4 to 6 liters

Question 30

This refers to the total volume of air inspired or expired with each breath

Answer 30

Tidal volume

Question 31

This refers to the volume of air remaining in the lungs after maximum expiration

Answer 31

Residual volume

Question 32

This refers to the sum of all the respiratory volumes

Answer 32

Total Lung Capacity

Question 33

factors influencing the effectiveness of gas exchange?

Answer 33

The thickness of the respiratory membrane; The total surface area of the respiratory membrane; The partial pressure of the gases across the respiratory membrane

Question 34

Most of the oxygen transported in the blood is

Answer 34

Bound to hemoglobin

Question 35

Most of the carbon dioxide transported in the blood is

Answer 35

In the form of bicarbonate

Question 36

This reflex limits the extent of inspiration by stimulating the stretch receptors to inhibit the respiratory center

Answer 36

Hering-Breuer reflex

Question 37

The level of which gas serves as the major driving force in regulating breathing?

Answer 37

Carbon dioxide

Question 38

normal respiratory rate

Answer 38

12 to 20 breaths

Question 39

Floor of the nasopharynx

Answer 39

Soft palate

Question 40

Bronchi that lead to bronchopulmonary segments

Answer 40

Tertiary bronchi

Question 41

Muscles of inspiration (especially forceful)

Answer 41

Scalene muscles External intercostals Sternocleidomastoid

Question 42

events in expiration

Answer 42

decreased thoracic volume decreased alveolar volume increased alveolar pressure Alveolar pressure > atmospheric pressure

Question 43

no Gas exchange

Answer 43

Anatomical dead space

Question 44

Lung expansion

Answer 44

lung compliance

Question 45

produces lung surfactant

Answer 45

Type II pneumocytes

Question 46

T5

Answer 46

carina

Question 47

Trigeminal nerve

Answer 47

sneeze reflex

Question 48

unpaired cartilage

Answer 48

Epiglottis, Thyroid cartilage, Cricoid cartilage

Question 49

larynx

Answer 49

voicebox

Question 50

Vital capacity

Answer 50

Sum of inspiratory reserve volume, tidal volume, and expiratory volume

Question 51

Residual volume

Answer 51

Volume of air still remaining in the respiratory passages and lungs after the most forceful expiration

Question 52

Apex

Answer 52

extends above the clavicle

Question 53

Tidal volume

Answer 53

volume of air inspired and expired with each breath

Question 54

Cardiac notch

Answer 54

Medial indention of left lung

Question 55

Elastic recoil

Answer 55

expiration

Question 56

Brainstem

Answer 56

controls the respiration

Question 57

bicarbonate form

Answer 57

carbon dioxide transport

Question 58

hemoglobin

Answer 58

oxygen transport

Question 59

Hypercapnia

Answer 59

Increased carbon dioxide in the tissues

Question 60

higher altitude area

Answer 60

Decreased PO2, increased alveolar ventilation due to decreased atmospheric pressure

Question 61

Lung compliance

Answer 61

measure of lungs expandability