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Anaphy > Cardiovascular > Flashcards

Cardiovascular Flashcards

1
Q

the left side of the heart

A

Propels blood to the systemic circulation

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2
Q

the right side of the heart

A

Propels blood to the pulmonary circulation

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3
Q

The apex of the heart can be localized at the

A

5th intercostal space left midclavicular line

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4
Q

It is the connective tissue that covers the outer surface of the heart.

A

epicardium

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5
Q

This major vessel that drains the deoxygenated blood from the head and upper limbs to the right atrium is the

A

Superior vena cava

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6
Q

The pulmonary veins empty into which cardiac chamber

A

Left atrium

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7
Q

The pulmonary trunk arises from which cardiac chamber?

A

Right ventricle

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8
Q

The aorta arises from which cardiac chamber?

A

Left ventricle

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9
Q

The inferior vena cava empty into which cardiac chamber

A

Right atrium

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10
Q

true about the ventricles?

A

The left ventricle is thicker than the right ventricle.

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11
Q

The mitral valve is located between the

A

Left atrium and left ventricle

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12
Q

These are connective tissue strings that helps keep the AV valves in place

A

Chordae tendineae

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13
Q

What is the purpose of cardiac skeleton?

A

Serve as attachment site for cardiac muscles

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14
Q

Which layer of the cardiac wall is capable of contracting?

A

Myocardium

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15
Q

The pacemaker of the heart is the

A

SA node

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16
Q

true about the AV node?

A

It has a slower rate of action potential compared to the SA node.

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17
Q

cardiac events that occur from the onset of contraction to the beginning of the next

A

Cardiac Cycle

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18
Q

This event in the cardiac cycle is characterized with the closure of AV valves and opening of the semilunar valves

A

Ventricular systole

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19
Q

This event in the cardiac cycle is characterized with the closure of semilunar valves and opening of the AV valves

A

Ventricular diastole

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20
Q

This sound is produced by closure of the AV valves

A

S1

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21
Q

This sound is produced by closure of the semilunar valves

A

S2

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22
Q

This is the volume of blood pumped by the heart every minute

A

Cardiac output

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23
Q

This is the volume of blood pumped by the heart every contraction

A

Stroke volume

24
Q

This is the degree at which to which the ventricular walls are stretched at the end of the diastole

A

Preload

25
Q

This is the pressure against which the ventricles must pump blood

A

Afterload

26
Q

This states that the force or tension developed in a muscle fiber depends on the extent to which the fiber is stretched

A

Starling’s law

27
Q

What is the effect of increased preload to the cardiac output?

A

Increase cardiac output

28
Q

What is the effect of decreased venous return to the cardiac output?

A

Decrease cardiac output

29
Q

If the afterload is increased,

A

the heart has to do more work to eject blood during systole.

30
Q

Stimulation of the parasympathetic nerve fibers will result in

A

Decreased heart rate and decreased stroke volume

31
Q

Stimulation of the sympathetic nerve fibers will result in

A

Increased heart rate and increased stroke volume

32
Q

The baroreceptors are sensitive to the changes in

A

blood pressure

33
Q

The baroreceptors are located in the

A

aorta and carotid arteries

34
Q

The cardioregulatory center of the body is found in the

A

Medulla oblongata

35
Q

The chemoreceptors in the regulation of the heart is sensitive to the changes in

A

pH

36
Q

This term refers to the pressure wave that results from the ejection of blood from the left ventricle into the aorta

A

Pulse

37
Q

This term refers to the difference between the systolic and diastolic pressure

A

Pulse pressure

38
Q

In assessing the blood pressure, the pressure at which the last Korotkoff sound is heard corresponds to the

A

Diastolic pressure

39
Q

In assessing the blood pressure, the pressure at which the first Korotkoff sound is heard corresponds to the

A

Systolic pressure

40
Q

These are the blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart

A

Arteries

41
Q

These are the blood vessels that carry blood toward the heart

A

Veins

42
Q

function of the capillaries?

A

Its function is for exchange of substances between the blood and tissue.

43
Q

The innermost layer of the blood vessel is the

A

Tunica intima

44
Q

The outermost layer of the blood vessel is the

A

Tunica adventitia

45
Q

Which layer of the artery consists of smooth muscle cells arranged circularly?

A

Tunica media

46
Q

What is the main blood supply to the brain?

A

Circle of Willis

47
Q

The 3 branches of the aortic arch are the following:

A

brachiocephalic artery, left common carotid artery, left subclavian artery

48
Q

The coronary arteries branch from which part of the aorta?

A

Ascending aorta

49
Q

Blood pressure measurements are normally taken through which artery?

A

Brachial artery

50
Q

At what level of the vertebrae will the common iliac artery bifurcate into external and internal iliac arteries?

A

L5

51
Q

the vessel that collects blood from the head and neck?

A

Jugular veins

52
Q

When the internal jugular vein joins with the subclavian veins, it will become the

A

Superior vena cava

53
Q

This vein in the upper extremity serves as the usual site for blood extraction and connects the cephalic and basilic veins

A

Median cubital vein

54
Q

The hepatic vein empties into the

A

Inferior vena cava

55
Q

This vein drains the medial side of the leg and thigh and empties into the femoral vein

A

Great saphenous vein

56
Q

Left coronary artery major branches

A

Anterior interventricular artery
Circumflex artery
Left marginal artery

57
Q

Atrial contraction in ECG reflects as

A

P wave

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