Urinalysis Flashcards
What estimates relative density of urine and indicates kidney’s ability to concentrate?
Specific gravity
What complication do you have if your specific gravity is increased?
Increase in Glucose
What complications do you have if your specific gravity is decreased?
Adrenal insufficiency
Do proteins decrease or increase urinary pH?
decrease
Do vegetables decrease or increase urinary pH?
increase
What complications can you have with a low urinary pH?
Calcium oxylate, Uric Acid, Cystine
What complications can you have with a high urinary pH?
Calcium phosphate, Struvite
What prevents large proteins in blood from escaping into urine?
Glomerular membrane
What protein does a urinalysis mostly detect?
albumin
What complications can you have with protein in your urine?
Acute glomerulonephritis** (mostly this)
Pyelonephritis
What is normal glucose renal threshold?
180mg/dl
What complications can you have with excess glucose in your urine?
DM
Pregnancy
What is formed during impaired carbohydrate metabolism?
Ketones
What complication do you have if you have Nitrites in your urine?
Pylenonephritis
In regards to bilirubin metabolism, is Hb conjugated or unconjugated it is NOT water-soluble, toxic, and pre-hepatic?
unconjugated
In regards to bilirubin metabolism, is Hb conjugated or unconjugated if it is water-soluble, non-toxic, and post-hepatic?
Conjugated
What percentage is urobilinogen reabsorbed in the colon?
20%
What percentage of urobilinogen is excreted by the kidney?
2-5%
T/F: Bilirubin is NOT normally found in the urine
True
What is it called when you have increased Urobilinogen and normal Bilirubin?
Prehepatic
What is it called when you have normal Urobilinogen and increased Bilirubin?
Posthepatic
What is it called when you have an increased Urobilinogen and either increase or normal Bilirubin?
Intrahepatic
What complication do you have if you have RBC casts?
Acute GN
What complication do you have if you have WBC casts?
Pyelonephritis