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E&M GI/GU > Urinalysis > Flashcards

Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

What estimates relative density of urine and indicates kidney’s ability to concentrate?

A

Specific gravity

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2
Q

What complication do you have if your specific gravity is increased?

A

Increase in Glucose

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3
Q

What complications do you have if your specific gravity is decreased?

A

Adrenal insufficiency

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4
Q

Do proteins decrease or increase urinary pH?

A

decrease

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5
Q

Do vegetables decrease or increase urinary pH?

A

increase

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6
Q

What complications can you have with a low urinary pH?

A

Calcium oxylate, Uric Acid, Cystine

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7
Q

What complications can you have with a high urinary pH?

A

Calcium phosphate, Struvite

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8
Q

What prevents large proteins in blood from escaping into urine?

A

Glomerular membrane

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9
Q

What protein does a urinalysis mostly detect?

A

albumin

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10
Q

What complications can you have with protein in your urine?

A

Acute glomerulonephritis** (mostly this)

Pyelonephritis

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11
Q

What is normal glucose renal threshold?

A

180mg/dl

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12
Q

What complications can you have with excess glucose in your urine?

A

DM

Pregnancy

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13
Q

What is formed during impaired carbohydrate metabolism?

A

Ketones

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14
Q

What complication do you have if you have Nitrites in your urine?

A

Pylenonephritis

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15
Q

In regards to bilirubin metabolism, is Hb conjugated or unconjugated it is NOT water-soluble, toxic, and pre-hepatic?

A

unconjugated

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16
Q

In regards to bilirubin metabolism, is Hb conjugated or unconjugated if it is water-soluble, non-toxic, and post-hepatic?

A

Conjugated

17
Q

What percentage is urobilinogen reabsorbed in the colon?

A

20%

18
Q

What percentage of urobilinogen is excreted by the kidney?

A

2-5%

19
Q

T/F: Bilirubin is NOT normally found in the urine

A

True

20
Q

What is it called when you have increased Urobilinogen and normal Bilirubin?

A

Prehepatic

21
Q

What is it called when you have normal Urobilinogen and increased Bilirubin?

A

Posthepatic

22
Q

What is it called when you have an increased Urobilinogen and either increase or normal Bilirubin?

A

Intrahepatic

23
Q

What complication do you have if you have RBC casts?

A

Acute GN

24
Q

What complication do you have if you have WBC casts?

A

Pyelonephritis

E&M GI/GU (17 decks)

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