Urinalysis

Question 1

Major four parts of urinary system

Answer 1

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, and urethra

Question 2

What species has a lobulated kidney?

Answer 2

Bovine

Question 3

What species has a right heart shaped kidney?

Answer 3

Equine

Question 4

What two hormones control the volume of urine?

Answer 4

ADH (pituitary gland)

Aldosterone (adrenal cortex)

Question 5

When is the best time to get a urine sample?

Answer 5

1st in morning

Question 6

What part of the stream is best?

Answer 6

Midstream

Question 7

Never express a bladder in animals that have what?

Answer 7

Obstructed urethra

Question 8

What is best collection method for bacterial culture?

Answer 8

Cystocentesis

Question 9

Urine should be analyzed with what time frame?

Answer 9

30m-1hr

Question 10

Urine can be refrigerated up to how long?

Answer 10

6-12hrs

Question 11

What is the normal daily output of urine for cats and dogs?

Answer 11

20-40ml/kg

Question 12

Polyuria =

Answer 12

Low SpG

Question 13

Oliguria =

Answer 13

High SpG

Question 14

URINE

Yellow-amber

Answer 14

Normal

Question 15

URINE

dark yellow

Answer 15

High SpG

Question 16

URINE

Light color

Answer 16

Low SpG

Question 17

URINE

Green

Answer 17

Bile pigments

Question 18

URINE

Red/brown

Answer 18

Hematuria or hemoglobinuria

Question 19

URINE

Dark brown

Answer 19

Myoglobinuria

Question 20

Hazy urine =

Answer 20

Can read letters on page

Question 21

Cloudy =

Answer 21

Can’t read letters on page

Question 22

What 2 samples can be used to measure SpG

Answer 22

Whole of supernatant

Question 23

Is whole or supernatant better for SpG measuring?

Answer 23

Supernatant

Question 24

Specific gravity measures what

Answer 24

Solids in urine vs weight of same amount of distilled water

Question 25

Common SpG for dogs?

Answer 25

1.025

Question 26

Common SpG in cats

Answer 26

1.030

Question 27

SpG depends on what

Answer 27

Hydration

Question 28

How can SpG above the scale be estimated

Answer 28

1gt water and 1gt urine, multiply last 3 numbers by 2

Question 29

Increase in SpG could be from

Answer 29

Fluid loss, renal failure, shock

Question 30

Decrease in SpG could be from

Answer 30

Diabetes, polydipsia, pyometra, renal dz

Question 31

Isosthenuria =

Answer 31

1.008-1.012

Chronic renal dz

Question 32

What two samples can be used for chem Exam

Answer 32

Whole or supernatant

Question 33

pH depends on

Answer 33

Diet

Question 34

What does excess amounts of protein in the urine often indicate

Answer 34

Acute and chronic renal dz or high protein intake

Question 35

Glucose in the urine indicates what

Answer 35

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 36

Ketones are from the breakdown of what

Answer 36

Fat

Question 37

Ketones usually indicate what

Answer 37

Diabetes mellitus

Question 38

Bilirubin is from the breakdown of

Answer 38

hemoglobin

Question 39

Bilirubin is conjugated where

Answer 39

Liver

Question 40

Bilirubin will decrease by 50% per hour when in the presence of what

Answer 40

UV light

Question 41

Blood in urine indicates

Answer 41

Hematuria, hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria

Question 42

Hematuria is usually seen with what

Answer 42

Bleeding in urogenital tract

Question 43

Hematuria urine is what color before spin? After spin?

Answer 43

Red

Yellow

Question 44

Hemoglobinuria is usually seen with what

Answer 44

Intravascular hemolysis

Question 45

Hemoglobinuria is what color before spin? After?

Answer 45

Red

Red

Question 46

Myoglobinuria is usually seen with what

Answer 46

Severe muscle dz

Question 47

Myoglobinuria is what color

Answer 47

Very dark brown