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Cln Lab III > Urinalysis > Flashcards

Urinalysis Flashcards

1
Q

Major four parts of urinary system

A

2 kidneys, 2 ureters, bladder, and urethra

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2
Q

What species has a lobulated kidney?

A

Bovine

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3
Q

What species has a right heart shaped kidney?

A

Equine

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4
Q

What two hormones control the volume of urine?

A

ADH (pituitary gland)

Aldosterone (adrenal cortex)

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5
Q

When is the best time to get a urine sample?

A

1st in morning

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6
Q

What part of the stream is best?

A

Midstream

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7
Q

Never express a bladder in animals that have what?

A

Obstructed urethra

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8
Q

What is best collection method for bacterial culture?

A

Cystocentesis

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9
Q

Urine should be analyzed with what time frame?

A

30m-1hr

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10
Q

Urine can be refrigerated up to how long?

A

6-12hrs

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11
Q

What is the normal daily output of urine for cats and dogs?

A

20-40ml/kg

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12
Q

Polyuria =

A

Low SpG

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13
Q

Oliguria =

A

High SpG

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14
Q

URINE

Yellow-amber

A

Normal

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15
Q

URINE

dark yellow

A

High SpG

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16
Q

URINE

Light color

A

Low SpG

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17
Q

URINE

Green

A

Bile pigments

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18
Q

URINE

Red/brown

A

Hematuria or hemoglobinuria

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19
Q

URINE

Dark brown

A

Myoglobinuria

20
Q

Hazy urine =

A

Can read letters on page

21
Q

Cloudy =

A

Can’t read letters on page

22
Q

What 2 samples can be used to measure SpG

A

Whole of supernatant

23
Q

Is whole or supernatant better for SpG measuring?

A

Supernatant

24
Q

Specific gravity measures what

A

Solids in urine vs weight of same amount of distilled water

25
Q

Common SpG for dogs?

A

1.025

26
Q

Common SpG in cats

A

1.030

27
Q

SpG depends on what

A

Hydration

28
Q

How can SpG above the scale be estimated

A

1gt water and 1gt urine, multiply last 3 numbers by 2

29
Q

Increase in SpG could be from

A

Fluid loss, renal failure, shock

30
Q

Decrease in SpG could be from

A

Diabetes, polydipsia, pyometra, renal dz

31
Q

Isosthenuria =

A

1.008-1.012

Chronic renal dz

32
Q

What two samples can be used for chem Exam

A

Whole or supernatant

33
Q

pH depends on

A

Diet

34
Q

What does excess amounts of protein in the urine often indicate

A

Acute and chronic renal dz or high protein intake

35
Q

Glucose in the urine indicates what

A

Diabetes Mellitus

36
Q

Ketones are from the breakdown of what

A

Fat

37
Q

Ketones usually indicate what

A

Diabetes mellitus

38
Q

Bilirubin is from the breakdown of

A

hemoglobin

39
Q

Bilirubin is conjugated where

A

Liver

40
Q

Bilirubin will decrease by 50% per hour when in the presence of what

A

UV light

41
Q

Blood in urine indicates

A

Hematuria, hemoglobinuria, myoglobinuria

42
Q

Hematuria is usually seen with what

A

Bleeding in urogenital tract

43
Q

Hematuria urine is what color before spin? After spin?

A

Red

Yellow

44
Q

Hemoglobinuria is usually seen with what

A

Intravascular hemolysis

45
Q

Hemoglobinuria is what color before spin? After?

A

Red

Red

46
Q

Myoglobinuria is usually seen with what

A

Severe muscle dz

47
Q

Myoglobinuria is what color

A

Very dark brown

Cln Lab III (5 decks)

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