Urinalysis Flashcards
composition of urine that combines with sodium to buffer blood
phosphate
primary inorganic component of urine
chloride
primary organic component of urine and product of protein and amino acid metabolism
urea
what helps identify if fluid is urine
high creatinine and urea
normal daily urine output
600 - 2000 mL
often the 1st symptom of DI and DM
polyuria
decrease in daily urine volume
Oligouria
cessation of urine flow
anuria
increase in daily urine volume
more than 2.5 L per day in adults
polyuria
inc volume of urine at night
nocturia
two types of urinalysis
dipstick and basic
or reagent strip and routine
Commonly performed in screening laboratories and Physician offices and Patient home testing
dipstick
what are the component of physicochemical determinations in urinalysis
- appearance
- reagent strip measurements
- specific gravity
most routinely used method of preservation is refrigeration at ____, which decreases bacterial growth.
2°C to 8°C
inhibits growth of bacteria, Aldosterone preservative
chloroform
urine preservative that is convenient when refrigeration not possible
commercial preservative tablets
sediment preservative, for Addi’s count
Formalin
protein, formed elements and culture transport preservative
boric acid
glucose and sediments preservative
thymol
specimen that is affected by dietary intake or physical activity
random specimen
aka 8-hour specimen, prevents false-negative pregnancy test evaluates orthostatic proteinuria
1st morning specimens
Required when the concentrations of substances to be measured changes with diurnal variations and with daily activities such as exercise, meals, and body metabolism
Timed specimens/24hour specimen
Analytes commonly tested using ____ include creatinine, urea, potassium, sodium, uric acid, etc.**
24-hour/Timed collection
Patient for 24hr specimen must begin and end the collection period with an
empty bladder
Specimens from right and left kidneys can be collected separately
catheterized specimen
aka three-glass collection
Prostatis specimen
3rd cup in prostatic specimen
urine collected after prostate is massaged
In prostatic infection, 3rd cup will have bacterial count and WBC/hpf is how many times higher than the 1st specimen?
10x
If 2nd cup is positive in prostatitis specimen, results are
invalid
is a step by step documentation of the handling and testing of legal specimens.
COC Chain of Custody
Temp. of urine specimen taken within 4 minutes of voiding and must be @ ___?
32.5-37.7°C
wrote a book about “pisse prophets”
Thomas Bryant
discovered albuminuria by boiling urine
Frederick Dekkers
2 unique characteristics of a urine specimen account for its continued popularity
1.Urine is a readily available and easily collected specimen.
- Urine contains information, which can be obtained by inexpensive laboratory tests, about many of the body’s major metabolic functions.
how many g is the composition of urea in a 24 hour urine
25-35g
