urbanisation

Question 1

Since 1945, how many people live in urban areas (%)?

Answer 1

1950, 30% live in urban areas

2014, 50% live in towns or cities

Question 2

in the developed world, whats the percentage of people living in urban areas?

Answer 2

boom in industrial revolution, 53% to 75%

Question 3

LICs, % living in urban areas?

Answer 3

17% to 50%

Question 4

what is Urbanisation?

Answer 4

the growth in proportion of people living in urban areas.

Question 5

why has urbanisation occurred?

Answer 5

migration, natural increase and push and pull factors

Question 6

what is suburbanisation? why has it occurred?

Answer 6

Migration of people from city centres to the outskirts of a city. Due to people desiring more space, more wealthier people, better quality of life.

Question 7

what is counter-urbanisation? why has it occurred?

Answer 7

Movement of people out of a city into surrounding villages and rural areas. Due to improved transport links, easier commute.

Question 8

what is urban resurgence? why has it occurred?

Answer 8

movement of people back into a city centre. Due to lack of jobs, common in post industrial cities, will boost local economy.

Question 9

economic processes associated with urban growth?

Answer 9

people are attracted to city from rural areas due to job opportunities. Businesses will grow with population, the decline in agricultural jobs will encourage more people to city.

Question 10

social processes associated with urban growth?

Answer 10

cities can have high living standards, better access to health care and education. mix of people from different backgrounds, but segregation can occur.

Question 11

technological processes associated with urban growth?

Answer 11

urban areas can be hotspots for technology. attract people due to highly paid, specialised jobs.

Question 12

political processes associated with urban growth?

Answer 12

increased inequality between rich and poor. new political movements occur, representing working class population.

Question 13

demographic processes associated with urban growth?

Answer 13

cities become larger and wealthier and attract migrants. then becoming culturally and ethnically diverse, young people attracted by jobs and entertainment.

Question 14

why have developed counties experienced deindustrialisation?

Answer 14

they struggle to compete with products being manufactured. industries collapse, lead to mass unemployment and poverty. UK, unemployment risen to 3 million in 1983.

Question 15

regeneration in cities?

Answer 15

Urban Development Corporations UDC 1979-1990
Enterprise Zones 1981-present
City Challenge 1991-1997
Partnership Schemes 2010-present

Question 16

what is UDC?

Answer 16

city centre in decline, UDC is private funding to restore derelict areas. E.G. London Docklands 1981

Question 17

what are enterprise zones?

Answer 17

established in areas of high unemployment. attract start up companies for more jobs. E.G. 5000 companies 125000 people employed.

Question 18

what is city challenge?

Answer 18

local authorities compete for government funding, to regenerate deprived areas. improve physical, social and economic environment.

Question 19

what are partnership schemes?

Answer 19

urban regeneration, improve conditions in deprived areas E.G. Liverpool city region