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A-Level Geography - Urban > Urban Waste > Flashcards

Urban Waste Flashcards

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1
Q

Why does waste in urban areas need to be managed effectively?

A

Large amounts of waste are created in relatively small areas

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2
Q

What are the 10 sources of waste in urban areas?

A
  • Domestic. - Bulky
  • Municipal. - Dead animals
  • Commercial - Construction and demolition
  • Animal and Vegetable. - Industrial
  • Institutional
  • Ashes
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3
Q

What is domestic/personal waste

A

Waste generated from households by individuals

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4
Q

What are some examples of Domestic waste?

A

Food, food packaging, discarded electronics/homeware

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5
Q

What is Commercial waste?

A

Waste produced by businesses like restaurants or shops

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6
Q

What are some examples of Commercial Waste?

A

Paper, plastics, food, packaging

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7
Q

What is personal waste?

A

Waste produced by humans in their home

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8
Q

What are some examples of personal waste?

A

Food, food packaging, discarded electronics/homeware.

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9
Q

What are the 7 different ways waste can be managed?

A
  • Unregulated
  • Recycling
  • Incineration
  • Recovery
  • Burial
  • Submergence
  • Trade
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10
Q

What is unregulated management?

A

Waste illegally dumped in places that are not designated for waste disposal. E.g. dumping/ fly tipping

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11
Q

How can unregulated waste dumping be harmful for ecosystems?

A

Disrupts wildlife and can introduce toxic chemicals into habitats

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12
Q

What is recycling?

A

Reprocessing materials that can be used again

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13
Q

What are some examples of recyclable material?

A

Metals, cardboard, glass and some plastics

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14
Q

How is recycling environmentally sustainable?

A

Reduces the need to produce more materials as well as reducing waste going to landfill.

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15
Q

What is incineration?

A

Burning waste rather than storing it

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16
Q

How is incineration a positive thing?

A

Reduces the amount of waste going to landfill

17
Q

How is incineration detrimental to the environment?

A

Burning requires fuel, and produces greenhouse and toxic gases

18
Q

What is recovery?

A

Using waste products as a replacement for other products

19
Q

What is an example of recovery?

A

Repurposing waste concrete in bricks for building

20
Q

How does recovery limit disruption to natural habitats?

A

Reduces the amount of materials going to landfill

21
Q

What is burial?

A

Dumping waste into areas designated for waste

22
Q

What is an example of a burial site?

A

Landfill site

23
Q

How is burial unsustainable?

A

It disrupts the natural environment and many waste products take a long time to break down meaning a lot of space is necessary

24
Q

What is an example of a waste gas

A

Methane

25
Q

What is submergence?

A

Dumping waste into oceans

26
Q

What are some examples of the harmful environmental effects of Submergence?

A

Disruption to marine life and the release of harmful, toxic chemicals into the water supply.

27
Q

How many cubic metres of waste did China submerge in 2018, despite it being illegal?

A

200.7 million cubic metres

28
Q

What is trade?

A

Selling waste to other countries so that other countries can process it.

29
Q

What are the advantages of landfill?

A
  • Facilities are poorly sited with necessary controls
  • Different types of waste are accepted and ordered
30
Q

What are the disadvantages of Landfill?

A
  • Unsightly
  • Often opposed y neighbouring residents
  • Potential leaching of chemicals threaten groundwater supply
  • Decaying matter produces methane, a strong greenhouse gas which is explosive
  • Landfill takes up a lot of space
  • High transportation costs
31
Q

What are some advantages of incineration?

A
  • Can reduce volume of disposable waste by 90%
  • Can inactivate disease agents
  • Can reduce toxicity of waste
  • Can be used to produce energy
  • Incinerator bottom ash can be recycled as a secondary aggregate
32
Q

What are some disadvantages with incineration?

A
  • Expensive
  • Not all waste is combustible
  • Poses challenges of air pollution and incinerator bottom ash disposal
  • Capacity limitations
  • Unpopular with local residents

A-Level Geography - Urban (6 decks)

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