Urban Settlements and Sustainable Management of Urban Settlement Flashcards
What is a settlement
A place where people set up home to live. Settlements develop over time and their use can change over this time
Why is urban living better than rural life? What are the pull factors that make people migrate to urban areas?
More job opportunities, better education, better quality housing, proximity to doctors, better access to food, Modern technology provides for a better city infrastructure, improved public transport, recreational activities, social services, and more all improve livability
Where will the majority of the world’s urban population growth take place?
In the urban areas of Asia and Africa at 90% by 2050: that is from small to medium-sized urban areas in developing countries where the correlation between the rate of urbanization and economic development is weaker.
The fastest-growing urban agglomerations are?
medium-sized cities and cities with less than 1 million inhabitants located in Asia and Africa.
Most mega-cities and large cities are located in?
the global South.
Just three countries together are expected to account for 37 percent of the projected growth of the world’s urban population between 2014 and 2050.
India, China and Nigeria- India is projected to add 404 million urban dwellers, China 292 million, and Nigeria 212 million.
Close to half of the world’s urban dwellers reside in?
relatively small settlements of less than 500,000 inhabitants
Only around 1/8 of the world’s urban dwellers live in?
in the 28 mega-cities with more than 10 million inhabitants.
Which is the world’s largest city in 2030 followed closely by another city as second largest?
Tokyo with 37 million inhabitants, followed closely by Delhi where the population is projected to rise swiftly to 36 million.
What are the push factors from rural areas?
lack of jobs, limited public transport, little to no access to internet, little education, inadequaate housing, foodd insecurity, and lack of docotrs and. sociallisation woth different people
what happened to settlements as an increasing number of people migrate to urban areas?
Settlements have grown to such sizes, new names have been created for them: such as conurbations
conurbation meaning?
an extended urban area, typically consisting of several towns merging with the suburbs of a central city.
Example of a conurbation or agglomeration
Greater Tokyo Area also called Shutoken with 38 million people containing cities of Chiba, Yokokhama, Kawasaki, Saitama, and Sagamihara.
What are many large conurbations now called?
Megacities: must have a population of over 10 million to be classified as a megacity.
What does the settlement hierarchy model suggests?
As population increases, so do the number of services the settlement provides. With the increase in the number AND RANGE of goods and services, the settlement becomes more attractive to people and so more people move in.
What is sphere of influence.
Basically means as a settlement grows attractive and more people move in, other people also travel to the settlement, giving it a larger sphere of influence.
What pressures or problems do urban areas face?
Increasing pressure of more people moving in as it means more need of jobs, education, doctors, etc. and more people using transport. In many cases, more people migrate into the city than the services can support.
What is the consequence of people migrating to megacities in low income countries where urbanization tended to happen the most?
They found themselves to live in even poor areas often known as shanty towns with do not have better job opportunities, no better education, no better housing or no better access to healthcare.
What is regeneration?
Re-development of an area- old buildings are either deconstructed and rebuilt or modernised.
Small settlements will provide what kind of services?
Low-order services such as post offices, doctors and newsagents
Large towns, cities and conurbations will provide what kind of services?
low and high-order services such as leisure centres, chain stores and hospitals.
Services such as department stores selling high order goods have a higher?
threshold than those selling low order goods such as newsagents. This means they need a higher number of people to support them and make them profitable, therefore they will only be found in larger settlements.
The range of a service or product is th?
the maximum distance people are prepared to travel to purchase it. The range of a newspaper is much lower than an item of furniture for example.
The larger the settlement, the greater the?
greater the range of services and therefore the market area or sphere of influence- because of a variety of facilities offered.
