Urban Policy

Question 1

What is urban policy

Answer 1

Strategies chosen by local or central government to manage the development of urban areas and to reduce urban problems.

Question 2

What are characteristics of property led initiatives

Answer 2

> greater emphasis on the role of the private sector
coalition boards set up with people from the local business community which aimed to spend money on buying land, building infrastructure and marketing to attract private investment
urban development corporations set up in 1980s to regenerate inner city areas, 12 established by 1993

Question 3

successes of property led initiatives

Answer 3

> new businesses attracted to run-down areas
environment improved
£12 billion of private sector investment attracted
190,000 jobs created nationally

Question 4

failures of property led initiatives

Answer 4

> didn’t tackle social problems
local people had little involvement
needs of local people ignored such as a lack of affordable housing and suitable jobs

Question 5

Characteristics of partnership schemes

Answer 5

> greater focus on local leadership and partner ship between the private sector, local communities, voluntary sector and local authorities
tackles social, economic and environmental problems in run-down parts of cities

Question 6

What is involved in competitive schemes

Answer 6

Local authorities make bids for funding and cities with the best schemes are awarded government regeneration grants

Question 7

Successes of competitive schemes

Answer 7

> bidding resulted in more successful schemes
gave equal importance to buildings, people and value
improved 40,000 houses
created 53,000 jobs
reclaimed 2000ha of derelict land

Question 8

Failures of competitive schemes

Answer 8

> resources thinly spread over large areas
money lost preparing bids