Urban Issues And Challenges - Mumbai

Question 1

Where is Mumbai located?

Answer 1

• the south west of India
• in the state of Maharashtra
• along the west coast
• capital of the state
• W = Arabian Sea
• N = Vasai Creek
• E = Thane Creek

Question 2

What is the population of Mumbai?

Answer 2

20.9 million as of 2022

Question 3

How is Mumbai regionally important?

Answer 3

• contributes 40% of total income for Maharashtra state
• 3 million people commute to work in Mumbai from the surrounding area
• population of Mumbai is increasing because it is taking in the young workforce from Maharashtra
• lots of unregulated informal workers

Question 4

How is Mumbai nationally important?

Answer 4

• India’s busiest port - 40% of all foreign trade passes through here
• India’s financial and commercial capital
• India’s richest city
• Home to the Bombay Stock Exchange
• contributes 33% of all tax and 60% of customs duty from trade

Question 5

How is Mumbai internationally important?

Answer 5

• west coast location makes maritime trade with the West much easier
• international airport - handled 32m passengers in 2014
• Lots of TNCs have HQ here - eg. Tata group, Reliance, State Bank of India)
• some state/government services HQ here

Question 6

what are 2 causes of population growth in Mumbai?

Answer 6

• natural increase
• migration

Question 7

what is natural increase?

Answer 7

• the difference betweeen birth rate and death rate
• when birth rate is higher than death rate, the population naturally increases

Question 8

how has natural increase caused population growth in Mumbai?

Answer 8

• fertility rate = 1.8
• average of 2 children per woman
• population grows approx 5% every year - 1 million more people born each year

Question 9

what are the pull factors attracting people to Mumbai?

Answer 9

• better educational opportunities - schools + universities
• more work opportunities + higher wages
• better services like water, sewage, electricity

Question 10

what are the push factors moving people away from rural areas?

Answer 10

• lower education and health standards in rural areas
• small farmers are forced out by large farms with lots of machinery and chemicals
• young people feel agriculture is hard work with long hours and bad pay