URBAN ISSUES AND CHALLENGES- London

Question 1

what is a brownfield site?

Answer 1

• previously developed land which was or is occupied by a permanent structure

Question 2

what is dereliction?

Answer 2

where something has been abandoned

Question 3

economic opportunities:

Answer 3

providing an equal chance for people to earn a living wage

Question 4

Greenfield site:

Answer 4

land that has never been built on

Question 5

what are inequalities?

Answer 5

refers to the idea that different people experience different standards of living

Question 6

what are integrated transport systems:

Answer 6

multi-modal transport systems where different modes of transport are efficiently linked with each other

Question 7

what are mega-cities?

Answer 7

a city with over 10-million inhabitants

Question 8

what is migration?

Answer 8

movement from one place to another

Question 9

what is natural increase?

Answer 9

birth rate minus death rate

Question 10

what is rural-urban fringe?

Answer 10

landscape interface between town and countryside

Question 11

what is sanitation?

Answer 11

the act or process of making something sanitary

Question 12

what is social deprivation?

Answer 12

reduction or prevention of culturally normal interaction between an individual and the rest of society

Question 13

what are social opportunities?

Answer 13

set of circumstances that make it possible to pursue a group of actions able to produce social value

Question 14

what is a squatter settlement?

Answer 14

low-quality housing, occupied by the poor

Question 15

what is sustainable urban living?

Answer 15

the idea that a city can be organised without without excessive reliance on the surrounding countryside

Question 16

what is urban greening?

Answer 16

things such as planting trees on street sides

Question 17

what is urbanisation?

Answer 17

the process of making an area more urban

Question 18

what is urban regeneration?

Answer 18

regenerating deprived land

Question 19

what is urban sprawl?

Answer 19

where cities spread further afield

Question 20

size of London:

Answer 20

1572km

Question 21

London is the world’s…..largest capital city

Answer 21

14th
international

Question 22

how many airports does London have?

Answer 22

5
- nationally

Question 23

how many tourists were there in London in 2017?

Answer 23

30 million
- internationally

Question 24

how much more do Londoners earn than the UK average?

Answer 24

23%
- national

Question 25

what percentage of Londoners have a degree?

Answer 25

60%
- national

Question 26

how many people commute to London to work every day?

Answer 26

800,000
- national

Question 27

what percentage of the UK’s GDP does London Generate?

Answer 27

30%
- national

Question 28

how much of London is green space?

Answer 28

40%
greenest city in the world
- international

Question 29

what percentage of black and minority ethnic workers are qualified to level 3 or above?

Answer 29

93%

Question 30

where is the olympic park?

Answer 30

Newham, Stratford

Question 31

what is the average annual salary in Newham?

Answer 31

£20,000

Question 32

what is Here East?

Answer 32

• new name for the media centre now a hub for creative and media industries with 5,000 jobs

Question 33

how big is the olympic park?

Answer 33

100 hectares

Question 34

how many homes does East Village supply?

Answer 34

2,800

Question 35

how many people does Westfield Stratford City employ?

Answer 35

10,000

Question 36

how much did it cost to build the olympic park?

Answer 36

over £9 billion

Question 37

social pros of the olympic park:

Answer 37

• East Village
• helped Schools in the local area- Cobham academy will cover all levels of education
• aquatics centre now uses its 50m pools as facilities for the local community and schools
• unemployment decreased

Question 38

social cons of the olympic park:

Answer 38

• the affordable rents in East Village will be unaffordable for many
• many people in the surrounding boroughs still remain in poverty

Question 39

economic pros of the olympic park:

Answer 39

• Stratford tube station
• All of the olympic venues have been sold
• Lloyds TSB estimated that the olympics will generate £10billion in extra income for the UK economy

Question 40

economic cons of the olympic park:

Answer 40

• the olympic stadium cost £701million, almost 3 times the original estimate
• the total bill for the olympics was £8.77 billion of tax payers money- it was £5 billion over budget
• existing businesses had to move, including H.Forman and sons, a salmon-smoking factory with 50 employees

Question 41

environmental pros of the olympic park:

Answer 41

• many of the grounds have been kept as parkland
• the stadiums were at least 25% recycled material
• the River Lea which runs through the olympic park improved its quality of water
• the urban wasteland of the Lower Lea Valley was cleaned up
• The olympic site was built on 560 acres of brownfield land

Question 42

environmental cons of the Olympic Park:

Answer 42

• lots of wildlife had to be relocated; 4,000 smooth newts, 100 toads and 300 common lizards as well as fish including pikes and eels were moved by the Olympic Delivery Authority
• many of the materials came from overseas
• the games produces 3.3million tonnes of CO2