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geography > urban issues and Challenges HIC City – London > Flashcards

urban issues and Challenges HIC City – London Flashcards

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1
Q

what is rural urban migration

A

people moving from the countryside to towns or cities

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2
Q

what is internal migration

A

people moving within a country

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3
Q

what is international migration

A

people moving from one country to another

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4
Q

what is natural increase

A

when birth rates exceed death rates
(the birth rate minus the death rate of a population)

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5
Q

define rural area

A

an area that is located outside towns and cities, characterised by low population and building density

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6
Q

define urbanisation

A

the increasing proportion of people living in towns and cities

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7
Q

define urban area

A

places of human settlement with high population density, characterised by their built-up infrastructure

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8
Q

define rates of urbanisation

A

the projected change of the size of the urban population over one year, measured as a percentage

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9
Q

what is economic opportunities

A

chances for people to improve their standard of living through employment

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10
Q

what are mega-cities

A

an urban area with a total population in excess of 10 million people

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11
Q

define migration

A

when people move from one area to another, in many LICs people move from rural to urban areas (rural-urban migration)

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12
Q

what is natural increase

A

the birth rate subtract the death rate of a population

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13
Q

what is a brownfield site

A

land that has been previously used, abandoned, and now awaits a new use

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14
Q

what is a greenfield site

A

a plot of land, often in a rural or on the edge of an urban area that has not yet been subject to any building development

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15
Q

What is the definition of sustainable urban living

A

sustainable urban living is creating urban spaces which meet the social, economic and environmental needs of the places, now and in the future

developing in a way that can support present and future generations

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16
Q

What is waste management

A

The process of extracting and reusing useful substances found in waste

17
Q

Define dereliction

A

Abandoned buildings and wasteland

18
Q

Define economic opportunities

A

Chances for people to improve their standard of living through employment

19
Q

What are inequalities

A

Differences between poverty and wealth, as well as in peoples’ well-being an access to things like jobs, housing and education. Inequalities may occur in housing provision, access to services, access to open land, safety and security.

20
Q

What are megacities

A

an urban area with a total population in excess of 10 million people

21
Q

Define migration

A
  • when people move from one area to another
  • (in many LICs people moved from rural to urban areas (rural-urban migration))
22
Q

Define rural-urban fringe

A

A zone of transition between the buildup area and the countryside, where there is often competition for land use. It is a zone of mixed land uses, from out of town shopping centres and golf courses to farmland and motorways.

23
Q

Define internal migration

A

Young professionals move to London for work, leads to an increase in the need for housing, especially flats and departments e.g. Battersea Power Station

24
Q

Define international migration

A

Windrush generation to SE London - Brixton - Caribbean culture and food e.g. Brixton market, Reggae music. Southall - Indian migrants - Bollywood cinema and Indian cuisine.

25
Q

What percentage of the population in London is born outside of the UK

A

41%

26
Q

What are examples of recreation and entertainment in London

A

West End, museums e.g. Natural History Museum, tourist attractions e.g. London Eye, Buckingham Palace.

27
Q

What are the types of transport in London

A

Integrated transport system - London underground, overland trains, cross rail, bus network, cycle paths

28
Q

(Environmental: urban greening) What percentage of London is green space

A

47% - large areas of green space e.g. Hyde Park, Regents Park

29
Q

Challenges - what are examples of urban deprivation

A

Inequalities in housing, education, health and employment

30
Q

What is the male life expectancy (health) in Kensington and Chelsea

A

83.7

31
Q

What is the male life expectancy (health) in Newham

A

75.7

32
Q

What is the percentage of unemployment in Kensington and Chelsea

A

3.9%

33
Q

What is the percentage of unemployment in Newham

A

79.8%

34
Q

What is the percentage of 5 good GCSEs (education) in Kensington and Chelsea

A

80%

35
Q

What is the percentage of 5 good GCSEs (education) in Newham

A

62%

36
Q

What percentage of children in Camden live in low income households with poor housing

A

60%

geography (6 decks)

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