urban issues and challenges case studies Flashcards
Describe the location and population of your case study for urban growth.
Lagos is in Nigeria, a NEE. It is the richest country in Africa. The population is 21 million. It is the main financial centre for the whole of West Africa.
What causes urban growth in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria
- 275,000 migrants arrive every year, causing urban sprawl into the countryside
- natural increase is not as much of a factor, but still affects urban growth
What are six social opportunities in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria - social opportunities
- more healthcare centres and hospitals
- a better range of medicines
- 68% have secondary education
- can use electricity for cooking and lighting
- access to electricity means people can develop businesses
- water treatment plants provide safe water piped directly to areas of the city
What are five economic opportunities in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria - economic opportunities
- better jobs (rest of Nigeria is very poor)
- rapid growth means lots of construction jobs
- home to many of the country’s banks, governmental departments and manufacturing industries
- two major ports
- Nollywood, a thriving film industry
What are eight social challenges in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria - social challenges
- over 60% of population live in slums (eg. Makoko)
- houses in slums are are flimsy built on stilts
- only one primary school in the slums
- many families in slums can’t afford to send their children to school
- toilets in slums shared among 15 houses and most of the waste goes straight into the lagoon, causing health problems
- water is 3 km from slums
- electricity in slums is only from illegal connections
- high crime
What are four environmental challenges in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria - environmental challenges
- only 40% of rubbish is officially collected
- large rubbish dumps with toxic waste
- waste disposal and emissions from factories are not controlled, so water and air pollution
- traffic congestion is bad (2 hr + commutes)
What is an economic challenge in your urban growth case study?
Lagos, Nigeria - economic challenge
- aren’t enough formal jobs for all migrants, so go to illegal sector or work in rubbish dumps
What are five socio-economic opportunities in your UK case study?
London - socio-economic opportunities:
- cultural mix - range of foods, festivals and cultural experiences
- recreation and entertainment - the Olympic Stadium, Buckingham Palace
- employment (London Docklands)
- integrated transport systems - bus and train networks and one card
- Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park will have 10,000 houses and green spaces
What are five socio-economic challenges in your UK case study?
London - socio-economic challenges
- the docks were in decline by 1970s as they weren’t large enough to hold the products, which put many other companies in jeopardy
- regeneration of parts have led to increased inequality
- new houses are too expensive
- many children in deprived areas leave school without basic qualifications
- rate of employment is not expanding
What are two environmental opportunities in your UK case study?
London - environmental opportunities
- increase and preserve open spaces (eg. Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park)
- more cycle and pedestrian routes are created
- lots of public transport
What are four environmental challenges in your UK case study?
London - environmental challenges
- graffiti and vandalism on derelict buildings
- growth and movement of people to suburbs means pressure on greenfield sites, destroying natural habitats
- waste disposal is an increasing issue
- lots of CO2
Why did your UK case study need to be regenerated?
London:
- high unemployment, burglary, drug problems and vandalism
- very few green spaces
- CO2 levels were becoming dangerously high, congestion
- not appropriate for younger people
- no diversity
How was your UK case study regenerated?
London:
- Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, Hyde Park for more green space
- 47% green space
- public transport
- Crossrail being built, reduces journey time, can hold more passengers
