Urban issues and challenges Flashcards
Define ‘urbanisation’
The growth in the proportion of people living in urban areas
What % of the world’s population live in urban areas?
55%
In HICs, what % of the population lives in urban areas?
80%
Is the rate of urbanisation high or low in HICs?
Low - 1% (people are more liekly to move to less crowed, rural areas)
In LICs, what % of the population lives in urban areas?
30%
Is the rate of urbanisation high or low in LICs?
High - 6%
In NEEs, what % of the population lives in urban areas?
50%
Is the rate of urbanisation high or low in NEEs?
Low - 2%
Define ‘rural-urban migration’
The movement of people from the countryside to cities
Examples of push factors [3]
- Natural disasters
- Lack of jobs (in farming etc)
- Desertification
Examples of pull factors [3]
- More jobs + better paid
- Access to better healthcare and education
- Better quality of life offered
Define ‘natural increase’
When the birth rate exceeds the death rate
How does young people moving to cities affect the population in urban areas?
Young people are more likely to have children, increasing the proportion of the population in urban areas
How does access to better healthcare affect the population in urban areas?
Increases life expectancy, preventing the decline of urban populations
Define ‘megacity’
Urban areas with more than 10 million residents
