urban forms Flashcards
what is urban form?
physical characteristics that make up a city
e.g size
shape
population density
where were major cities originally established?
good water supply
fertile soils
natural resources
defensive positions
natural resources
encourage development in cities as resources support population and economy
water
necessary for agriculture, sanitation and health
acts as a physical barrier to growth as it blocks urban sprawl
topography
flatter areas easier to build on
urban sprawl difficult on slopes meaning building can be very densely populated
climate and land type
unstable soils, permafrost or water logged ground surfaces can be difficult and expensive to build on therefore limiting urban growth
may build on stilts in permafrost areas as ground is impenetrable
wealth and development
richer countries = developments structurally safe due to building regulations
developing countries = urban growth rapid and urban sprawl sometimes unmanageable
planning
planned developments considerate of space safety and well being
green/open spaces often incorporated
unplanned developments unsafe potentially overcrowded
economic activities
ports may be built for trade
past developments
may limit construction to protect listed buildings
poor transport links as older roads may not be wide enough
land value (developed countries)
highest land value often found in the city centre profitable businesses (chain stores) normally locate there whilst less profitable businesses may be found on outskirts
Central business district
this is where commercial financial and business activities are concentrated
usually the oldest part of the city
age of buildings usually decreases as distance from city centre increases
newest developments on edge of urban areas
inner cities in developing world
high cost residential areas usually located within inner city such as luxury apartments and higher class estates wealthy immigrants from developed countries
inner cities in developed world
high land price means developments are densely compacted such as high rise flats where rent is often cheaper
often where industrial sites located
sub urban areas developed world
effective planning means that areas often have large open spaces and houses usually larger and more effected
commuting distance to city
