Urban environments

Question 1

List the four factors that cause deindustrialisation?

Answer 1

• globalisation of manufacturing
• reduced need for labour due to machinery
• reduced demand
• increased costs.

Question 2

Why does decentralisation occur?

Answer 2

• because there is increasing competition for space

- also due to lower rent costs in more accessible business parks

Question 3

What 3 schemes were set up in Britain since 1979 to regernate?

Answer 3

• city challenge
• Enterprise zones
• Urban development corporations.

Question 4

What effect did the city challenge have on the UK?

Answer 4

deprived urban areas were regenerated. the local authorities worked with the community and the firms to improve physical, economic, social environment of the area.

Question 5

What are the urban development corporations? plus example

Answer 5

the first one was in London’s Docklands area which was regenerated to be a financial hub which created new homes and 85,000 new jobs, as well as new schools and parks.

Question 6

What are enterprise zones?

Answer 6

areas with high unemployment specifically attracted start up companies to create jobs by reducing taxes.

Question 7

What is gentrification?

Answer 7

a form of inner city regeneration, it usually involves the movement of affluent, middle class people into the traditionally run down areas, to improve the area and change the facilities, house prices will rise and a positive multiplier effect will be felt