Urban environments Flashcards
What is the CBD?
Central Business District
What is the rural-urban fringe?
Where rural areas meet urban areas, transition zone
What is the difference between Burgess and HOYT model?
Burgess has concentric rings, HOYT has transport taken into consideration
True or False: Urban areas typically have higher population densities than rural areas.
True
Fill in the blank: The movement of people from rural areas to urban areas is known as __________.
migration
What is a megacity?
A city with a population of over 10 million people.
Which of the following is a common challenge faced by urban areas? A) High unemployment B) Excessive green spaces C) Low population density
A) High unemployment
Define ‘urban sprawl’.
The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding rural land.
True or False: Urban areas often have better access to healthcare and education compared to rural areas.
True
What is public transport?
A system of transport for passengers that is available for use by the general public, such as buses and trains.
Fill in the blank: __________ refers to the social, economic, and environmental impacts of urbanization.
Urban issues
What is the purpose of urban sustainable planning?
To develop and manage land use in urban areas to ensure sustainable development and improve quality of life.
True or False: Urban areas always have a higher standard of living than rural areas.
False
Name one environmental issue commonly associated with urbanization.
Air pollution
What is the term for informal settlements often found in urban areas?
Slums
Which of the following is a benefit of urbanization? A) Increased job opportunities B) Higher crime rates C) Environmental degradation
A) Increased job opportunities
What does the term ‘urban renewal’ refer to?
The redevelopment of areas within a large urban area, often to improve housing and infrastructure.
Fill in the blank: The __________ is the area surrounding a city that is affected by its economy and culture.
urban fringe
What is the role of local government in urban environments?
To manage services, infrastructure, and regulations within the urban area.
Three challenges faced with rapid urbanisation?
Overcrowding, services availability, crime
What is the informal economy?
The informal economy is not run by the government, all paid in cash and offer no protection to the workers but they pay no tax.
What is urban sustainability?
A sustainable city is one in which there is minimal damage to the environment, and sound with resources
Three ways to make an urban area more sustainable?
Promoting Renewable Energy - eg solar panels
Improving Public Transport
Encouraging Cycling and Walking
Urban Greening - create green roofs, parks, and wildlife habitats to improve air quality
How can transport and Housing improve quality of life?
Transport - Electric cars, less noise and air pollution, less carbon emissions. Housing - More green spaces, more aethetic, affordable housing.
Where is rapid urbanisation and expensive housing happening? ( case study )
Hong Kong - China
What does per capita mean?
Per person
What drives segregation in urban areas?
Allocation of public housing
Choice of location
Progressive abandonment
How does allocation of public housing affect segregation?
Public housing is free so tend to be in the same area as the council pay for the land so it wont be in the nicest area
How does choice of location affect segregation?
Close to family, friends, members of same ethnic group
What is progressive abandonment
Residents leaving an area due to a high rate of immigration
What are some characteristics of the informal economy?
Low and unreliable pay
Work is often temporary/ part time
Poor job security
- with no benefits
Poor working conditions
What affects how expensive land is?
Proximity to CBD
Location - transportation and services
What affects growth of megacities?
Rural to urban migration
Job oppotunites
Housing
Sectors
Limitation of BURGES and HOYT model?
Both dont consider transport and suburbs
BURGES - Outdated, no factories in CBD
What would you find in the rural to urban fringe?
Green space available.
Larger houses because more space
Retail stores/parks
