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Geography GCSE > Urban Environments > Flashcards

Urban Environments Flashcards

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1
Q

What is the multiplier effect?

A

When an industry moves to an area which leads to more jobs, houses, transport etc…

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2
Q

What is urbanisation?

A

Greater proportion of people living in urban areas. Due to migration and urban population growing quicker than rural.

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3
Q

How does people migrating cause?

A

It causes growth of informal settlements

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4
Q

What is the issues with informal settlements?

A

Sewage pollutes water sources
More people =more transport so more congestion
Growth of population means strain on hospitals and education

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5
Q

Why do people move to urban areas?

A

People move from countryside as agriculture has failed and they need jobs
More jobs and education opportunities drive people to urban areas

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6
Q

Explain the burgees model:

A

Settlement grows around the CBD
Industry arrives
Housing is needed
Richer people move away for better housing

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7
Q

Explain the hoyt model:

A

Settlement grows around the CBD
Industry arrives and grows around transport
Housing is needed
Richer people move further out for better housing

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8
Q

Why does the hoyt model suit Nottingham?

A

Along the trainlines there are more factories/ industrial buildings

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9
Q

Why does the burgees model suit Nottingham?

A

Less developed housing closer to CBD
More developed housing in rural areas

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10
Q

What is economies of scale?

A

When a settlement grows there are more resources, more resources bought means the cheaper they are (same for transport)

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11
Q

What are the functions of urbane areas?

A

‘Hub’ for transport
Cultural centre for places of worship
Socialisation area for people to meet up
Educational area - schools, colleges
More job opportunites

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12
Q

Why did Liverpool 1 need redevelopment?

A

Lower visitor number so low economic growth
Wasn’t visitor friendly and was congested

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13
Q

What were Liverpool 1’s new facilities?

A

Mersey tram and other public transport
Better CTTV
Pedestrianised areas

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14
Q

What were some other improvements in the CBD of Liverpool 1?

A

Bus lanes
Tree planting
Wider roade junctions

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15
Q

Was Liverpool 1 successful?

A

91% of people would return
120 thousand people on the first day of opening

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16
Q

What are the positives to the Southhampton Nurseling industrial parks?

A

Easy access to transport
Main businesses are distribution and storage

17
Q

What are the positives to the Southhampton Science park?

A

Easy access as it’s close to the M3
High quality office and laboratory space - job opportunities
Strategic and attractive location

17
Q
A
17
Q

What are the positives to the Southhampton Retail Park?

A

Easy access - M271
Home to big shops

18
Q

What is a greenbelt site?

A

Usually located u large cities/ towns and are protected from development

18
Q

What is a greenfield site?

A

Landsites which haven’t been built on before

18
Q

What is a brownfield site?

A

Sites that have been knocked down and something knew has been built on it

19
Q

Advantages of greenfield sites:

A

Cheap land
Planning and designing is easier

20
Q

Disadvantages of greenfield sites:

A

Loss of farmland and recreational space
Scenery is lost

21
Q

Advantages of brownfield sites:

A

Near areas of population
Keeps more of the countryside

22
Q

Disadvantages of brownfield sites:

A

High air and noise pollution
More expensive buildings are knocked down

23
Q

What is a stakeholder?

A

People with an interest of the development/ redevelopment of a site

24
Q

Who are local stakeholders?

A

Local residents and council
Property developers

24
Q

What is segregation?

A

People with characteristic are separated from the rest if society (e.g. ethnicity, wealth and age)

25
Q

Who are international stakeholders?

A

Foreign governments
TNC (Transnational Corporations)

26
Q

Who are national stakeholders?

A

National government
National transport routes

27
Q

What are the reasons for segregation?

A

Cheaper housing for people have recently migrated
Access to public transport - lower income people
Community - place of worship and certain shops

27
Q
A
28
Q
A
28
Q

What are issues of segregation?

A

Isolation of some groups (e.g. elderly)
Overcrowding due to small houses
Unfair stigmas
Lack of understanding of other communities

29
Q
A
30
Q
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31
Q
A

Geography GCSE (4 decks)

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