Urban Drainage Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
1
Q

What percentage more precipitation do urban areas receive than rural areas?

A

5%

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2
Q

Causes for increased levels of precipitation in urban areas

A
Urban Heat Island
Cities produce large amounts of water vapour (industry)
Less vegetation 
Impermeable surfaces
Pollution
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3
Q

Causes of increased precipitation: Urban Heat Island

A

Increased temperature = increased evapotranspiration

Warmer air holds more water

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4
Q

Causes of increased precipitation: Less vegetation

A

Decreased evapotranspiration = decreased moisture in air

Decreased infiltration rates

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5
Q

Causes of increased precipitation: Impermeable surfaces

A

Water quickly transported (drains and gutters)

Increased surface runoff causing short lag time and increased peak discharge

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6
Q

Why do impermeable surfaces create issues for local geology?

A

Rock below doesn’t get water
Clay goes brittle
Impacts house foundations

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7
Q

Causes of increased precipitation: Pollution

A

Increased cloud formation due to more condensation nuclei

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8
Q

Problems with decisions being made by experts when it comes to water management solutions

A

Residents feel ignored

Feels disruptive i.e. Three Gorges Dam

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9
Q

Issues with traditional methods of urban drainage

A

Increased river flow- increased flood risk
Raw sewage leaks into rivers in high flows
Road salt, oil, toxic chemicals washes off urban surfaces and enters rivers
Pet waste = viruses

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10
Q

Why are SUDS considered a better way to manage urban drainage?

A

Work with natural environment
Improve drainage and water quality
Some methods increase biodiversity as they create new habitats

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11
Q

Swales

A
Temporary storm water storage
Decrease peak flows
Filter out pollutants 
Increased infiltration 
Installed next to roads instead of curbs
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12
Q

Wetlands and Ponds

A

Accommodate water level variation
Increased flood storage capacity
Plants and algae filter out pollutants
Silt traps decrease sedimentation

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13
Q

Permeable Pavements

A

Porous pavements i.e. concrete blocks increase infiltration
Direct infiltration or stored underground
Removes pollutants in the infiltration process

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14
Q

Infiltration Trenches

A

Stone-filled reservoirs
Runoff directed into them, gradually infiltrates
Filter strips removes excess solids and pollutants

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