Upper Respiratory Tract Infection Flashcards
Give examples of different types of URTIS
Rhinitis Tonsilitis Otitis media Pharyngitis Laryngitis Epiglottitis
Name some viral infective agents
Adenovirus Influenza A, B Para'flu I, III RSV Rhinovirus
Name some bacterial infective agents
H influenzae M catarrhal is Mycoplasma S aureus Streptococci B haemolytic - S pyogenes Alpha haemolytic - S pneumonia
When considering the natural history of a URTI what three questions are important to consider?
Is the patient past their worst?
Is the patient at their worst?
Is the patient going to get worse?
What is the most important thing to do to discover what stage in the natural history a URTI is at?
Review the patient
Ask the parent to review child and seek help if symptoms worsen
What is rhinitis?
Common cold
What is the management for Rhinitis?
Nothing, it is self-limiting
What is Rhinitis prodrome to?
Pneumonia, bronchiolitis
Meningitis
Septicaemia
How does otitis media present?
Erythema - reddening skin of ear
Bulging ear dum
How should otitis media be treated?
It is self limiting so no antibiotics should be given as side affects are common
Give analgesic to relieve pain.
What causes otitis media and what does it cause?
Primary viral infection follow by bacterial infection (pneumococcus or H influenzae)
Spontaneous rupture of drum
What is the problem with tonsillitis/pharyngitis?
Determining whether it is viral or bacterial
How do you determine the infective agent for tonsillitis/pharyngitis?
Throat swab
What is the treatment for tonsilitis or pharyngitis?
Either nothing or 10 days penicillin if bacterial
Why must amoxycillin not be given to suspected tonsillitis/pharyngitis patients?
Incase they have glandular fever, the drug can cause severe rashes
