Smoking Cessation Flashcards
How many chemicals and carcinogens are found in cigarette smoke?
> 4000 chemicals
> 40 known carcinogens
Name some chemicals found in smoke
Nicotine Arsenic Cadium Tar Carbon monoxide Acetone Hydrogen cyanide
What is the risk of developing lung cancer if you smoke?
22%
What is the risk of developing upper respiratory cancer if you smoke?
24%
What illnesses can smoking cause?
Type II diabetes M Psoriasis Macular degeneration Osteoporosis Crohn's disease
What conditions can smoking defend the body against developing?
Parkinsonism Sarcoidosis Hypersensitivity pneumonitis Uterus carcinoma Ulcerative colitis
What is the trend in the prevalence of smokers?
Poor and unemployed people more likely to smoke
What percentage is the number of people smoking changing each year?
Reduce bu 0.7% each year
Why is teenage smoking popular?
They want to rebel and feel mature
How much nicotine is in E-cigs compared to cigarettes?
25-50%
What fraction of pregnant women smoke?
1/3
Describe features of pregnant women that are more likely to smoke during pregnancy
Younger Single Lower education Unskilled Male partner likely to smoke
What does smoking during pregnancy increase the risk of by 1/3?
Miscarriage
Stillbirth
Neonatal death
What can second hand smoke cause in children?
Respiratory infections Bronchitis Bronchiolitis Pneumonia Cot death Middle ear infection
How many years are added onto life expectancy after smoking cessation?
7.5yrs
After one year of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing heart disease?
Risk of MI 50% that of a smoker
After 15 years of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing heart disease?
Equal risk of non-smoker
After 10-15 years of smoking cessation what is the risk of developing lung cancer?
Only slightly greater than non-smoker
How much of the price of a packet goes towards tax?
77%
How much did the Treasury earn from selling packets in 2014-15?
£9.5billion
How can tax influence smoking cessation?
Increasing tax means less people continue buying cigarettes
10% tax increase = 4% reduction in smoking
How much do smoking related illnesses cost the NHS?
£3-5 billion
Why does smoking increase total cost to society?
Loss of productivity/economic output
Absenteeism
Fires
Passive smoking effects
How many people are employed in the tobacco industry in UK?
5000
What law did the government introduce in 2005?
Smoking, Health and Social care (Scotland) Act
What restrictions did the 2005 Scotland Act impose?
No selling tobacco < 18yrs
No smoking in vehicles with kids in it
No proxy purchase
No cig vending machines
Standardise packaging
What was implemented to standardise packaging?
2016 EU Tobacco Product Directive Picture warnings on 65% of a packet Ban of flavours (i.e. menthol) Minimum pack size 20 cigs Limits of tar, nicotine and CO Adjectives 'mild' 'smooth' banned
What is the rule about smoking in public places?
Banned in all public places and workplaces (there are exceptions)
What are the exceptions to public smoking?
Hotel bedrooms
Designated rooms in care homes and prisons
Private homes
Actors
How is tobacco regulated?
All tobacco products sold in UK must have ‘UK Duty Paid’ to distinguish from smuggled goods
How can smoking cessation be influenced at an individual level?
Dont smoke yourself
Be supportive
Use skilled people around you i.e skilled advisory service
