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Anaphy Lab > Upper Respiratory System > Flashcards

Upper Respiratory System Flashcards

1
Q

Classification of respiratory system

A

Upper and lower respiratory system

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2
Q

Upper respiratory system

A

Nose, nasal cavity, pharynx

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3
Q

Lower respiratory system

A

Larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs

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4
Q

Functionally consists of 2 parts:

A

Conducting zone
Respiratory zone

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5
Q

consists of a series of interconnecting cavities and tubes both outside and within the lungs.

A

Conducting zone

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6
Q

Where the main sites of gas exchange between air and blood.

A

Respiratory zone

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7
Q

intake of O2 for delivery to body cells and removal of CO2 produced by body
cells.

A

Provides for gas exchange

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8
Q

Helps regulate…?

A

Blood pH

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9
Q

Contains receptors for…?

A

sense of smell, filters inspired air, produces vocal sounds (phonation), and
excretes small amounts of water
and heat.

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10
Q

specialized organ at the entrance of the respiratory system

A

Nose

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11
Q

The nose consists of?

A

external portion (external nose)
internal portion called the nasal cavity (internal nose).

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12
Q

portion of the nose visible on the face

A

External Nose

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13
Q

area between the eyebrows; superior attachment of the nose

A

Root

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14
Q

bony framework of the nose

A

Bridge

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15
Q

anterior margin

A

Dorsum Nasi

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16
Q

tip of the nose

A

Apex

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17
Q

external openings

A

Nostrils/Nares

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18
Q

form the bony framework of
the external nose

A

frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillae

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19
Q

consists of several pieces of hyaline cartilage connected to each other and certain skull bones by fibrous connective tissue.

A

cartilaginous framework of the external nose

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20
Q

forms the anterior portion of the nasal septum.

A

Septal nasal cartilage

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21
Q

inferior to the nasal bones

A

Lateral nasal cartilages

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22
Q

form a portion of the walls of the nostrils.

A

Alar cartilages

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23
Q

The interior structures of the external nose have three functions:

A
  1. warming, moistening, and filtering incoming air
  2. detecting olfactory stimuli
  3. modifying speech vibrations
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24
Q

refers to prolonging, amplifying, or modifying a sound by vibration.

A

Resonance

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25
Q
  • lies inferior to the nasal bone and superior to the oral cavity
  • it is lined with muscle and mucous membrane
A

Nasal Cavity

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26
Q

divides the nasal cavity into right and left sides.

A

Nasal septum

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27
Q

Anterior Portion of the nasal septum

A

hyaline cartilage

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28
Q

drain mucus and serve as resonating chambers for sound as we speak or sing

A

Paranasal sinuses

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29
Q

drain tears and open into the nasal cavity

A

Pasolacrimal ducts

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30
Q

the remainder of nasal septum is formed by ?

A

the vomer and the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid, maxillae, and palatine bones

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31
Q

lateral walls of the internal nose are formed by?

A

ethmoid, maxillae, lacrimal, palatine, and inferior nasal conchae bones

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32
Q

also forms the roof.

A

Ethmoid bone and sphenoid bones

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33
Q

help to keep the vestibule and nasal cavity patent, that is, open or unobstructed.

A

bony and cartilaginous framework of the nose

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34
Q

nasal cavity is divided into

A

larger, inferior respiratory region and a smaller, superior olfactory region.

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35
Q

The respiratory region is lined goblet cells, which is frequently called

A

respiratory epithelium

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36
Q

formed anteriorly by the hard palate and posteriorly, by the soft palate.

A

Floor

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37
Q

is lined with skin containing sebaceous and sweat glands and numerous hair follicles.

A

Nasal vestibule

38
Q

filter coarse particles.

A

Nose hairs or vibrissae

39
Q

2 TYPES OF MUCOUS:

A

Olfactory and respiratory/nasal mucosa

40
Q

houses smell receptors

A

Olfactory mucosa

41
Q

a pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium, containing goblet cells that secretes mucus to moisten the air and trap dust particles

A

Respiratory mucosa

42
Q

move the mucus and trapped particles toward the pharynx for removal.

A

Cilia

43
Q

3MUCOSA-COVERED PROJECTIONS:

A

> Superior nasal conchae
Middle nasal conchae
Inferior nasal conchae

44
Q

openings or passages

A

Meatus

45
Q

make up the olfactory epithelium. It contains cilia but no goblet cells.

A

olfactory receptor cells, supporting cells, and basal cells

46
Q

How long is pharynx?

A

13cm (5inch) long

47
Q

the most inferior cartilage of the larynx

A

Pharynx

48
Q

connects the nasal cavity and mouth superiorly to the larynx and esophagus inferiorly.

A

Pharynx

49
Q

passageway for air and food and houses tonsils

A

Pharynx

50
Q

provides a resonating chamber for speech sounds

A

Pharynx

51
Q

participate in immunological reactions against foreign invaders.

A

Tonsils

52
Q

serves only as an air passageway lined with pseudostratified ciliated columnar epithelium that propels mucus.

A

Nasopharynx

53
Q

lies posterior to the oral cavity serving as a passageway for both air and swallowed food lined with nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

A

Oropharynx

54
Q

its inferior end opens into the esophagus (food tube) posteriorly and the larynx (voice box) anteriorly. Like the oropharynx, it is both a respiratory and a digestive pathway and is lined by nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium.

A

Laryngopharynx

55
Q

two layers of pharynx

A

> outer circular layer
inner longitudinal layer.

56
Q
  • superior portion of the pharynx
  • lies posterior to the nasal cavity and extends to the soft palate.
A

nasopharynx

57
Q
  • forms the posterior portion of the roof of the mouth
  • arch-shaped muscular partition between the nasopharynx and oropharynx that is lined by mucous membrane.
A

Soft palate

58
Q

What are the five openings?

A

> two internal nares
two openings that lead into the auditory (pharyngotympanic)tubes (commonly known as the eustachian tubes)
opening into the oropharynx.

59
Q

posterior wall of the nasopharynx contains?

A

Pharyngeal tonsil

60
Q
  • lies posterior to the oral cavity and extends from the soft palate inferiorly
    to the level of the hyoid bone.
A

Oropharynx

61
Q

The only one opening of the oropharynx that is the opening of the mounth

A

Faucets

62
Q

Two pairs of tonsils, the palatine and
lingual tonsils, are found in the?

A

Oropharynx

63
Q

inferior portion of the pharynx

A

Laryngopharynx

64
Q

The inferior end of laryngopharynx it opens to what? (2 openings)

A

> opens into the esophagus (food tube) posteriorly
the larynx (voice box) anteriorly.

65
Q

lighten the skull, and help to warm and moisten the air.

A

Paranasal sinuses

66
Q

Cricoid cartilage is attach to the first ring of cartilage of the trachea by the?

A

cricotracheal ligament

67
Q

two tonsils of oropharynx

A

Palatine
lingual tonsils

68
Q

1 opening of laryngopharynx

A

opening leading to larynx

69
Q

Obtain energy

A

Metabolism

70
Q

More oxygen = ?

A

Healthy weight loss and proper muscle function

71
Q

Deprived oxygen results in?

A

painful muscles

72
Q

Deprived oxygen

A

Kreb cycle

73
Q

The endocrine system with respiratory system makes?

A

Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE)

74
Q

a.) …..? catalize formation of hormones namely b)….? from c)…..?

A

A. Angiotensin-converting enzyme
B. Angiotensin II
C. Angiotensin I

75
Q

Defense mechanism on nose

A

Cilia

76
Q

Defense mechanism ln trachea

A

Mucus membrane on trachea

77
Q

Defense mechanism on pharynx

A

Tonsils

78
Q

Promotes flow of lymph

A

Respiratory pump

79
Q

The forceful contraction of respiratory muscles can assist in?

A

defacation

80
Q

More carbon dioxide results in?

A

more acidic blood

81
Q

Provides oxygen to developing fetus

A

Internal respiration

82
Q

Cell that is responsible for gas exchange?

A

Type 1 alveolar cells or pneumocyte

83
Q

Productiomn of surfactant

A

Type 2 alveolar cells

84
Q

Filtering, warming, and moistening air

A

Conducting zone

85
Q

Surrounds apex

A

Alar

86
Q

Produce mucus

A

Goblet cells

87
Q

5 paranasal sinuses:

A

Frontal, ethmoid, sphenoid, nasal, maxillary sinuses

88
Q

5 sinuses have?

A

pseudo stratified ciliated columnar epithelium with goblet cells

89
Q

Nasopharynx have?

A

Pseudo Stratified ciliated columnar epithelum

90
Q

Osopharynx have?

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

91
Q

Laryngopharynx have?

A

Non-keratinized stratified squamous epithelium

Anaphy Lab (3 decks)

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