Upper Respiratory Exam Flashcards
Umbo
Where eardrum meets tip of the malleus; from here cone of light fans downward & anteriorly
manubrium
handle of malleus
pars tensa
The portion of the drum that is inferior to the pars flaccida
pars flaccida
superior to the malleus
chorda tympani n
runs in the superior part near pars flaccida
adult evaluation
pull up out and away
children evaluation
pull down out and away
normal tympanic membrane
translucent and pearly
conductive hearing loss
external or middle ear problem
sensorineural loss
inner are cochlear n or central brain connections problem
whisper test
Doctor stands behind the patient. Have patient occlude one ear.
The doctor exhales fully and then whispers 3 consonants and a
vowel in the patient’s un-occluded ear. The patient repeats the
sequence. Repeat with a different sequence if responds
incorrectly.
Normal: patient correctly repeats the sequence or after 2
sequences, can identify 3 of the 6.
Abnormal: patient incorrectly identifies 4 of the 6
Weber test
Test for lateralization
Vibrating tuning fork placed on top of patient’s head or on
middle of forehead
Normal: sound lateralizes to both ears equally
If sound lateralizes to one ear, it is either conduction loss in that ear or sensorineural loss in the opposite ear.
Rinne test
Compares air and bone conduction
Vibrating tuning fork placed on mastoid bone behind ear & level with the canal. When patient no longer hears sound, quickly place fork close to ear canal & inquire if can hear the sound & for how long they hear it.
Normal: AC>BC
If AC=BC or BC>AC there is conductive loss to that ear
If weber was abnormal and Rinne was normal, suspect sensorineural loss in the opposite ear.
labial frenulum
lips to gingiva
lingual frenulum
tongue to floor of mouth
