Hip exam

Question 1

Extension

Answer 1

15-30
Gluteus Maximus m.
Inferior gluteal n. L5, S1, S2

Question 2

Abduction

Answer 2

45-50
Gluteus medius and minimus m.
Superior Gluteal N. L5, S1

Question 3

Adduction

Answer 3

20-30
Adductor longus m.
Obturator n. L2-4

Question 4

Internal Rotation

Answer 4

30-40

Question 5

External Rotation

Answer 5

40-60

Question 6

Central Compartment

Answer 6

Labrum, Ligamentum teres, articular surfaces

Question 7

Peripheral compartment

Answer 7

Femoral neck, synovial lining

Question 8

Lateral compartment

Answer 8

Gluteus medius, gluteus minimus, piriformis, IT band, trochanteric bursae

Question 9

Anterior compartment

Answer 9

Illiopsoas insertion

Illiopsoas bursae

Question 10

Log roll

Answer 10

Nonspecific to central and peripheral compartments
Roll the patient’s leg into internal and external rotation
(+) test= pain
Pathology in central or peripheral compartment

Question 11

C-sign

Answer 11

Central compartment
Patient points to the source of the pain by cupping just above the trochanter with their hand in the shape of a C
Indicates labral pathology

Question 12

Labral Loading

Answer 12

Central compartment
Flex patients knee and hip to 90
Load into the femur towards the os coxae
(+) test= pain
Labral or cartilaginous pathology

Question 13

Labral distraction

Answer 13

Central compartment
distract patients femur away from os coxae with knee and hip flexed at 90. Patient prone
(+) test= improvement of pain
Labral or cartilage pathology

Question 14

Scour

Answer 14

Central compartment
Flex and externally rotate patient's hip. Load into socket and articulate through ROM
Supine
(+) test= pain
Labral or cartilaginous pathology

Question 15

Apprehension FABER 1/3

Answer 15

Central compartment
1. Patient in figure 4. Doc induces further external rotation by applying posterior force at the knee
(+) test= anterior subluxation of hip or apprehension/pain
Anterior labral pathology or impingement

Question 16

Ely’s Test

Answer 16

Peripheral Compartment
Patient prone. Passively flex patient’s knees
(+) test= ipsilateral hip raises off the table
Rectus Femoris contracture

Question 17

Rectus Femoris Test

Answer 17

Peripheral Compartment
Patient supine. One hip flexed to chest. Other leg bent over the edge of the table
(+) test= knee flexion less than 90
INdicates rectus femoris contraction ipsilaterally

Question 18

Jump sign

Answer 18

Lateral Compartment
Patient is seated. Poke the greater trochanter
(+) test= patient withdraws or jumps with pressure
Trochanteric bursitis

Question 19

Straight leg raise test

Answer 19

Lateral Compartment
Raise the leg with knee extended, nonspecific test
(+) test= pain
Pain from 15-30 lumbar disc etiology
Pain laterally greater than 15 is lateral compartment pathology

Question 20

Ober’s test

Answer 20

Lateral compartment
Patient lateral recumbent with doctor standing behind the patient. Doctor abducts the top leg and then lowers leg to the table with stabilizing hip
(+) test= inability to adduct
IT band contracture

Question 21

Piriformis Test

Answer 21

Lateral Compartment
Patient supine with hip and knee flexed, one ankle crossed over contralateral knee. Patient abudcts against resistance
(+) test= pain over posterior part of greater trochanter
Piriformis spasm or pathology

Question 22

Trendelenberg

Answer 22

Lateral compartment
Patient standing with doctor behind. Patient lifts one foot off ground
(+) test= weakness/ inability to hold hips level
Contralateral gluteus medius weakness or superior gluteal nerve

Question 23

Patrick’s: FABER 2/3

Answer 23

Lateral Compartment
Patient in figure 4. Doctor braces contralateral ASIS, patient externally rotates/ abducts against resistance
(+) test= pain or weakness
Gluteus medius pathology

Question 24

Patrick’s FABER 3/3

Answer 24

Anterior compartment
Figure 4. Doc braces contralateral ASIS. Patient internally rotates and Adducts against resistance
(+) test= anterior or medial groin pain/ weakness
Iliopsoas insufficiency or pathology

Question 25

Psoas test

Answer 25

Anterior compartment
Flex hip to 30 while patient further flexes against resistance
(+) test= pain/inability or snapping
Psoas contracture or pathology

Question 26

Thomas Test

Answer 26

Anterior compartment
Patient supine and pulls knees to chest. One leg is lowered to the table to test the flexibility of the hip flexors
(+) test= inability to fully extend/ extended leg raises off table
Hip flexor contraction

Question 27

Flexion

Answer 27

90 with knee extended
120-135 with knee flexed

Illiopsoas muscle
Femoral nerve and ventral rami