Upper Limbs Flashcards
what movements occur at the sternoclavicular joint?
- elevation
- depression
- protraction
- retraction
What type of shoulder dislocation is more common? why?
Inferior dislocation is more common
- coracoacromial ligament protects superior aspect of joint
Which rotator cuff muscle does not insert at the greater tubercle of the humerus
subscapularis - inserts at lesser tubercle
Teres minor: origin, insertion, action
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: greater tubercle of humerus
Action: external rotation
Teres major: origin, insertion, action
Origin: lateral border of scapula
Insertion: humerus – intertubercular sulcus*
Action: adduction, extension, internal rotation
Supraspinatus: origin, insertion, action
Origin: supraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: 0-15 degrees adduction
Infraspinatus: origin, insertion, action
Origin: infraspinous fossa
Insertion: greater tubercle
Action: external rotation
subscapularis: origin, insertion, action
Origin: subscapular fossa
Insertion: lesser tubercle
Action: internal rotation
Biceps brachii (long & short head): origin, insertion, action
Origin: NOTE: SKIPS HUMERUS
— Short: coracoid process of scap.
— Long: supraglenoid tubercle* of scap.
Insertion: radial tuberoisty & biciptal aponeurosis
Action: flexion of elbow & shoulder joint
Coracobrachialis: origin, insertion, action
Origin: coracoid process
Insertion: humeral midshaft
Action: shoulder adduction & flexion
Brachialis: origin, insertion, action
Origin: distal anterior humerus
Insertion: ulnar tuberosity
Action: prime elbow flexor
Superficial anterior forearm muscles mnemonic
Pass, Fail, Pass, Fail
Pass - Pronator teres
Fail - Flexor carpi radialis
Pass - Palmaris longus
Fail - Flexor carpi ulnaris
Ulnar nerve motor supply
Forearm:
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
- Medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus
Hand:
- All except LOAF
Superficial posterior forearm muscles mnemonic
Beer Lifting, Break Dancing Muscles Unless Atrophied
Beer - Brachioradialis
Lifting - Extensor carpi radialis Longus
Break - Extensor carpi radialis Brevis
Dancing - Extensor Digitorum
Muscles - Extensor digiti Minimi
Unless - Extensor carpi ulnaris
Atrophied - Aconeus
Flexor carpi radialis: origin, insertion, action
Origin - medial epicondyle
Insertion: base of 2nd + 3rd metacarpal
Action: wrist flexion & abduction
Where does the forearm common flexor tendon originate from?
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Palmaris longus: origin, insertion, action
Origin: medial epicondyle
Insertion: palmar aponeurosis
Action: wrist flexion
Flexor carpi ulnaris: origin, insertion, action
Origin: medial epicondyle of humerus & olecranon process of ulna
Insertion: pisiform, hamate, 5th metacarpal
Action: wrist flexion & adduction
Flexor digitorum superficialis: action
proximal phalanx flexion
wrist flexion
Median nerve innvervations
Motor:
Forearm:
* All forearm FLEXORS not supplied by ulnar nerve
Hand:
* LOAF
Sensory:
- lateral 3 1/2 fingers
- lateral 2/3 palm
- palmar cutaneous branch supplies lateral palmar skin
Flexor digitorum profundus: action
distal phalanx flexion
Ulnar nerve innervations
Motor supply:
Forearm:
* flexor carpi ulnaris
* medial 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus
Hand:
* All intrinsic hand muscles except LOAF
Sensory:
- medial 1 1/2 of fingers
- medial 1/3 of palm
Is the biceps brachii long head lateral or medial?
Lateral - Long head
Triceps brachii insertion
olecranon process
What nerve innervates the biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, and brachialis?
Musculocutaneous n.
What does the axillary nerve innervate
Deltoid
Terra minor
veins of the upper limb
Note: veins start distal
* Subclavian
* Axillary (>1st rib)
* Basilic & cephalic
* Median cubital**
What nerve innervates the serratus anterior?
Long thoracic n.
lat. dorsi innervation + function
Thoracodorsal n.
Shoulder adduction, IR
