Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Stage 2: Trauma & Accidents > Upper Limb Injuries > Flashcards

Upper Limb Injuries Flashcards

1
Q

What is a Monteggia fracture?

A

Fracture of the proximal third of the ulna (angulated dorsally) with anterior dislocation of the proximal head of the radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Galeazzi fracture?

A

Fracture of the distal third of the radius with dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint (shortening of distal ulna)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What is a posterior fat pad sign pathognomonic of?

A

Elbow fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is a Colles’ fracture?

A

Fracture of distal radius with dorsal angulation and impaction (posterior displacement) of distal fragment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a Smith’s fracture?

A

Fracture of distal radius with volar angulation of the distal fracture fragments

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the associated nerve injury for Colles’ and Smith’s fractures?

A

Median nerve injury

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

With what type of fracture is a dinner fork deformity associated with?

A

Colles’ fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the MOI of a Colles’ fracture?

A

Extension fracture of the radius (FOOSH)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the MOI of a Smith’s fracture?

A

Flexion fracture of the radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the two MOIs of a Monteggia fracture?

A
  • FOOSH with forearm in excessive pronation
  • Direct blow on back of upper forearm
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is the MOI of a Galeazzi fracture?

A

FOOSH with elbow flexed

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What are the two MOI of elbow fractures?

A
  • FOOSH
  • Fall on flexed elbow
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is the typical elbow fracture in children?

A

Medial condyle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What nerve injury is typically associated with elbow fracture?

A

Ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What sign indicates ulnar nerve palsy?

A

Froment’s sign (reduced pinch grip)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What type of elbow dislocation is more common?

A

Posterior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the MOI of posterior elbow dislocations?

A

FOOSH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is the MOI of anterior elbow dislocations?

A

Fall on flexed elbow

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What vascular structure is injured in elbow dislocations?

A

Brachial artery

20
Q

What nerves are injured in elbow dislocations?

A

Ulnar, median and radial nerve

21
Q

What is the MOI of humeral shaft fracture?

A
  • Direct trauma (most common)
  • FOOS arm or elbow
22
Q

How will the arm look in a humeral shaft fracture?

A

Shortened

23
Q

What nerve injury is common in humeral shaft fractures?

A

Radial nerve injury (common in distal ⅓)

24
Q

What indicates radial nerve injury?

A

Wrist drop

25
Q

What is the MOI of a fracture of surgical neck of humerus in the elderly?

A

FOOSH

26
Q

What is the MOI of a fracture of surgical neck of humerus in the young?

A

Trauma e.g. RTC

27
Q

What type of pain may be dominant in fracture of surgical neck of humerus?

A

Elbow pain

28
Q

What classification is used for fracture of surgical neck of humerus?

A

Neer classification

29
Q

Why do you want early mobilisation in fracture of surgical neck of humerus?

A

To avoid adhesive capsulitis

30
Q

What are 3 MOIs of posterior shoulder/humeral head dislocation?

A
  • Epileptic seizure
  • Electric shock
  • Lightening strike
31
Q

What does the arm look like in anterior shoulder dislocation?

A
  • Abducted + externally rotated
  • “squaring” (acromion prominent) elbow flexed
32
Q

What does the arm look like in posterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Adducted + internally rotated

33
Q

What is the patient unable to do in posterior shoulder dislocation?

A

Externally rotate

34
Q

What method of MUA is used to treat shoulder dislocations?

A

Kocher’s (shoulder reduction)

35
Q

What 3 x ray views do you do for a shoulder dislocation?

A
  • AP
  • Lateral
  • Scapular Y view
36
Q

How do you manage a shoulder dislocation?

A

BAS and C&C

37
Q

What are complications of shoulder dislocations?

A
  • Bankart lesion
  • Hill-Sachs lesion
  • Rotator cuff tear
  • Axillary nerve injury
  • Axillary artery injury
38
Q

What is the MOI of anterior shoulder dislocations?

A

Direct trauma to abducted and externally rotated arm

39
Q

What is the MOI of posterior shoulder dislocations?

A

Anterior force + axial loading

40
Q

What is the MOI of inferior shoulder dislocations (luxatio erecta)?

A

Hyperabduction/axial loading of adducted internally rotated arm

41
Q

What type of shoulder dislocation is most common?

A

Anterior

42
Q

What is the typical presentation of scaphoid fracture?

A

FOOSH + anatomical snuffbox pain

43
Q

What is the first sign of AVN in a scaphoid fracture?

A

Slight sclerosis on XR (most commonly involves proximal portion as arterial supply to scaphoid enters distally)

44
Q

What is a Boxer fracture?

A

Fracture of 5th metacarpal neck

45
Q

What is the MOI of fracture of 5th metacarpal neck?

A

Impaction injury (e.g. punching someone)

46
Q

How does a Boxer fracture present?

A

Pain over fracture site, swelling

Stage 2: Trauma & Accidents (5 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions