Upper Limb Attachment Points Flashcards
Multifidus
Lamina of all vertebrae of the TP or articular processes of all vertebrae inferior, from C2 to sacrum but most prominent in the lumbar region
Bilaterally: Extends spine
Unilaterally: Rotates the spine contralaterally (multifidus also side bends the body ipsilaterally)
Rotatores (Longus & Brevis)
Lamina and SP of the thoracic vertebrae to the TPs of 1 or 2 segments inferiorly
Bilaterally: Extends spine
Unilaterally: Rotates the spine contralaterally (multifidus also side bends the body ipsilaterally)
Interspinales
Between SPs of adjacent vertebrae in all spinal regions more prominent in the lumbar and cervical regions
Extends the spine
Intertransverarii
Between TPs of adjacent vertebrae in all spinal regions, more prominent in the lumbar (medial and lateral) and cervical (anterior and posterior)
Bilaterally: Stabilize and extends cervical and lumbar spine
Unilaterally: Side bends the spine ipsilateral
Iliocostalis (Lumborum, Thoracis, Cervicis)
Sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia, and iliac crest to the angles of all ribs and TPs of C4-C7
Bilateral: extends spine (and head)
Unilateral: Side bends spine ipsilaterally and head
Longissimus (Thoracis, Cervicis, Capitis)
Sacrum, thoracolumbar fascia, SPs of lumbar vertebrae, TPs of thoracic vertebrae, TPs of thoracic vertebrae, articular pillars of C4-C7 vertebrae to the TPs of the lumbar vertebrae, 2-12 ribs between the tubercles and angles, the TPs of cervical vertebrae, mastoid process of the occiput
Bilateral: extends spine (and head)
Unilateral: Side bends spine ipsilaterally and head
Spinalis (Thoracis & Cervicis)
SPs of: T10-L3, T1-T2, C5-C7 to the SPs of T2-T8 and C2-C5, spanning all vertebrae on the lateral aspect
Bilaterally: Extends spine (and head)
Unilateral: Side bends spine ipsilaterally (and head)
Quadratus Lumborum
TP of lumbar vertebrae and 12th rib to the iliac crest
Bilaterally: Extends spine; pulls 12th rib inferiorly
Unilaterally: Side bends spine
External Obliques
External surfaces, ribs 5-12, linea alba, rectus sheath, pubic tubercle and iliac crest
Compresses and supports abdomen and viscera; flex trunk
Rectus Abdominis
Costal cartilages 5-7 and xiphoid process to the pubic tubercle
Compresses and supports abdomen and viscera; flex trunk
Internal Obliques
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inguinal ligament to ribs 10-12, linea alba, rectus sheath and pubic tubercle
Compresses and supports abdomen and viscera; flex trunk
Transverse Abdominis
Thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, ribs 7-12, ASIS and the inguinal ligament to the linea alba
Compress and support abdomen and viscera, flex trunk
Pectoralis Major
Sternal end of the clavicle and the sternocostal joints of ribs 1-7 to the greater trochanter of the humerus
Adducts, flexes and medially rotates humerus
Pectoralis Minor
Coracoid process to ribs 3-5
Stabilizes and anteriores scapula; raises ribs
External Intercostals
Superior border of one rib to inferior border of infer rib (obliquely, superolaterally to inferomedially) on the outer aspect of the rib cage
Elevate ribs during inhalation
Transversus Thoracis
Costal cartilages 2-6 to the xiphoid process on the inner surface of the rib cage
Depresses the ribs during exhalation
Internal Intercostals
Inferior border of one rib to the superior border of superior rib (obliquely anterolaterally to superomedially) on the inner aspect of the rib cage
Depresses ribs during exhalation
Serratus Anterior
Ventral surface of the scapula to the lateral surface of ribs 1-8
Protracts and rotates scapula superiorly; elevates ribs
Diaphragm
Xiphoid process, inner surface of the lower six ribs, L1-L3 vertebral bodies and discs to the central tendon
Principal muscle of respiration and compressing abdominal viscera
Trapezius
Nuchal line of the occipit, nuchal ligament and SPs of the dorsal spine to the lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and scapular spine in three portions (descending, transverse and ascending)
Elevates, depresses, retracts and rotates scapula
Latissimus Dorsi
SPs of T6-T12 thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and lower 4 ribs to the inferior angle of the scapula and intertubercular groove of the humerus
Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus
Serratus Posterior Inferior
Thoracolumbar fascia and SPs to the T12-L3 to ribs 9-12 lateral to their angles
Depresses and draws ribs backwards
Serratus Posterior Superior
Nuchal ligament and SPs of C7-T3 and ribs 2-5 lateral to their angles
Elevates and draws ribs outwards
Levatores Costarum Longus & Brevis
TPs of dorsal spine to the rib (one or two below) between its angle and tubercle
Bilaterally: Extends thoracic spine
Unilaterally: Side bends the thoracic spine ipsilaterally and rotates contralaterally; elevates ribs
Rhomboid Major & Minor
Nuchal ligament and SPs of C7-T1 (minor) an T2-T5 (major) to the medial border of the scapula
Steadies, retracts and rotates scapula
Levator Scapulae
TP of C1-C4 to the superior medial border of the scapula
Elevates scapula, side bends neck ipsilaterally
Supraspinatus
Supraspinous fossa to the greater tuberosity of the humerus
Abducts arm
Infraspinatus
Infraspinous fossa to the greater tubercle of the humerus
Laterally rotates the arm
Subscapularis
Subscapular fossa to the lesser tuberosity of the humerus
Medially rotates the arm
Teres Major
Inferior angle of the scapula to the intertubercular groove of the humerus
Adducts and medially rotates arm
Teres Minor
Lateral border of the scapula to the greater tuberosity of the humerus
Laterally rotates and adducts arm
Deltoid
Lateral third of the clavicle, acromion and scapular spine to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus
Flexes and medially rotates arm; abducts arm, extends and laterally rotates arm
Subclavius
First rib and its cartilage to the subclavian groove on the inferior aspect of the clavicle
Depresses and steadies clavicle
Bicep Brachii
Coracoid process (short head) and supraglenoid tubercle of the humerus (long head) to the radial tuberosity
Flexes arm and elbow, supinates forearm
Coracobrachialis
Coracoid process to the medial surface of the humerus
Flexes and adducts the arm
Brachialis
Distal, anterior half of the humerus to the coronoid process and ulnar tuberosity
Flexes forearm
Triceps Brachii
Infraglenoid tubercle (long head) and on the humerus superior to (lateral head) and inferior to (medial head) radial groove to the olecranon
Extends and adducts arm; adducts forearm
Anconeus
Extends and adducts arm; adducts forearm
Extends forearm
