Lower Limb Attachment Points Flashcards
Illiococcygeus
Tendinous Arch of the levator ani to the coccyx
Supports pelvic viscera and helps move coccyx; puborectalis maintains anorectal fascia and canal
Pubococcygeus
Pubis lateral to the puborectalis to the coccyx
Supports pelvic viscera and helps move coccyx; puborectalis maintains anorectal fascia and canal
Puborectalis
Pubis to the opposite pubis on either side of the pubic symphysis wrapping around the rectum
Supports pelvic viscera and helps move coccyx; puborectalis maintains anorectal fascia and canal
Coccygeus
Ischial spine to the coccyx and sacrum
Supports pelvic viscera and helps move coccyx; puborectalis maintains anorectal fascia and canal
Deep Transverse Perineal
Inferior pubic ramus and ischial ramus to the wall of vagine or prostate and central tendon; external urethral sphincter encircles the urethra
Supports pelvic organs; closes the urethra
Superficial Transverse Perineal
Ischial ramus to the central tendon
Supports pelvic organs; closes the urethra
External Anal Sphincter
Central tendon to the clitoris or penile raphe
Closes the anus
Bulbospongiosus
Central tendon to the clitoris or penile raphe
Narrows the vaginal introitus or surrounds corpus spongiosum
Ischiocavernosus
Ischial ramus to crus of penis or clitoris
Squeezes blood into corpus of penis or clitoris
Piriformis
Anterior surfaces of the sacrum to the greater trochanter
Laterally rotates hip
Superior Gemellus
Ischial spine to the intertrochanteric fossa
Abduction and extension of hip joint
Laterally rotates the hip
Obturator Internus
Internal surface of obturator foramen and membrane to the greater trochanter
External rotation, abduction and extension of the hip joint
Inferior Gemellus
Ischial tuberosity to the intertrochanteric fossa
Lateral rotation of the thigh, abduction and extension of the hip joint
Quadratus Femoris
Ischial tuberosity to the quadrate tubercle and intertrochanteric crest
External rotation and abduction of the hip joint
Obturator Externus
External surface of obturator foramen and membrane to the trochanteric
Adduction & external rotation at hip joint; stabilizes pelvis in sagittal plane
Laterally rotates hip
Rectus Femoris
AIIS and notch below to base of tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Flexion of the hip joint and extension of the knee joint
Flexes hip extends knee
Vastus Intermedius
Greater trochanter and lateral lip of linea aspera of the tibial tuberosity via the patellar tendon
Extends knee
Vastus Medialis
Anterior shaft of the femur to the tibial tuberosity via patella tendon
Extends knee
Vastus Lateralis
Intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the tibial tuberosity via patellar tendon
Extends knee
Sartorious
ASIS and inferior notch to the tibial pes anserine insertions (anteriorly)
Flexion, abduction and external rotation of the hip joint; flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint
Psoas Major
O - Anterior surfaces and lower borders of the transverse processes of the lower vertebrae T12 - L5
I - Lesser trochanters of the femur inserts as the iliopsoas tendon
A - TP bodies and intervertebral discs of lumbar vertebrae to the lesser trochanter
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip
Bends vertebral column
Psoas Minor
O - T12 - L1 vertebrae and their related intervertebral discs
I - Iliopectineal arch
A - TP bodies and intervertebral discs of lumbar vertebrae to the lesser trochanter
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip
Assists in upward rotation of the pelvis
Illiacus
Iliac crest and fossa to the lesser trochanter
Flexes, abducts and laterally rotates thigh at hip
Ipsilateral sidebending of the trunk
Raises trunk from the supine position
Adductor Longus
Body of pubis, inferior ramus of pubic crest, to middle third of linea aspera
Adduction and flexion at the hip joint, extension and external rotation of the femur; stabilization of the pelvis
Adductor Brevis
Body and inferior ramus of pubis to the pectineal line and proximal third of linea aspera
Adduction and flexion of the hip joint; extension, external rotation and stabilization of the pelvis
Adductor Magnus
Inferior ramus of pubis, ischial ramus and ischial tuberosity, linea aspera, supracondylar line and adductor tubercle
Adducts hip (adductor portion); extends hip (hamstring portion)
Pectineus
Pectineal line of the pubis to the pectineal line of the femur
Adducts, flexes and laterally rotates hip
Gracilis
Body and inferior ramus of pubis to tibial pes anserine insertion (medially)
Adduction and flexion of the hip joint, flexion and internal rotation of the knee joint
Bicep Femoris
Ischial tuberosity (long head) and distal linea aspera (short head) to the fibular head
Extends hip, flexes and laterally rotates knee
Semimembranosus
Ischial tuberosity to the medial condyle of the tibia
Extends hip; flexes and medially rotates knee
Semitendinosus
Ischial tuberosity to the tibial pes anserine insertion (posteriorly)
Extends hip; flexes and medially rotates knee
Gluteus Maximus
Iliac crest, dorsal surface of the sacrum and coccyx and sacrotuberous ligament to the IT band (lateral condyle of the tibia) and gluteal tuberosity
Extends and laterally rotates hip
Tensor Fascia Latae
ASIS and iliac crest to the IT band (lateral condyle of the tibia)
Tensor fascia lata; abducts and flexes hip and knee
Gluteus Medius
External surface of the ilium, superiorly to the greater trochanter
Abducts and medially rotates the hip
Gluteus Minimus
External surface of the ilium, superiorly to the greater trochanter
Abducts and medially rotates the hip
Tibialis Anterior
Lateral condyle of the tibia to the medial cuneiform and 1st metatarsal
Dorsiflexion and inversion of the ankle
Extensor Digitorum Longus
Lateral condyle of tibia, interosseous membrane and anterior surface of fibula to the phalanges of the lateral 4 digits
Dorsiflexion and eversion of the ankle; extends lateral 4 digits
Extensor Hallucis Longus
Anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane to the distal phalanx of the hallux
Dorsiflexion of the ankle; extends hallux
Peroneus Tertius
Distal third of the fibula and interosseous membrane to the 5th metatarsal
Dorsiflexion of the ankle; eversion
Peroneus Longus
Head and proximal lateral surface of fibula to the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform
Plantarflexion and eversion of the ankle
Peroneus Brevis
Distal two thirds of the lateral surfaces of the fibula to the 5th metatarsal
Plantarflexion and eversion of the ankle
Gastrocnemius
Lateral and medial condyles of the femur to the calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
Plantarflexion of the ankle, flexes the knee
Plantaris
Lateral supracondylar line of the femur to the calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
Plantarflexion of the ankle, flexes the knee
Soleus
Head and posterior surface of the fibula and soleal line to the calcaneal tuberosity via calcaneal tendon
Plantarflexion of the ankle, flexes the knee
Popliteus
Lateral epicondyle of the femur to the posterior surface of the tibia
Flexus and unlocks knee from extension
Tibialis Posterior
Posterior surface of tibia, interosseous membrane and fibula to the navicular, cuneiform, cuboid, and bases of 2nd through 4th metatarsals
Plantarflexion and inversion of the knee
Flexor Digitorum Longus
Posterior surface of the tibia to the distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits
Flexes lateral 4 digits; plantarflexion of the ankle
Flexor Hallucis Longus
Distal ⅔rds of posterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane to the distal phalanx of the hallux
Flexes hallux; plantarflexion of the ankle
