upper limb anatomy

Question 1

hand and wrists?

Answer 1

Consists of the following grouping of bones

Carpal
Metacarpals
Phalanges

Question 2

hand and wrist: metcarpal bones

Answer 2

Bone classification

Long bone

Division

Head
Shaft
Base

Question 3

hand and wrist: carpal bones

Answer 3

Bone classification

Short bone

Division

Proximal row

Distal row

Question 4

hand and wrist: phalanges bones

Answer 4

Bone classification

Long bone

Division

Shaft 
2 extremities
Distal extremity head
Proximal extremity base

Question 5

hPaediatric anatomy and characteristics (hand and wrist)

Answer 5

The following conditions can affect bone development:-

• Genetic disorders
• Nutritional deficiencies
• Hormone imbalances
• Chronic Illnesses
• Malabsorption disorders
• Connective tissue disorders
• Medications

Question 6

common abnormalities and pattern recognition (hand and wrist)

Answer 6

Fracture of the 4th and/or 5th metacarpal
Commonly known as boxers # or punch injury
Mechanism punching with closed fist

Question 7

radius and ulna?

Answer 7

Bone classification
Long bone

Bone division
Proximal (upper) end

Shaft
 
Distal (lower) end

Question 8

Proximal ends of radius and Ulna?

Answer 8

Features

Radius
Head of radius
Neck
Radial tuberosity

Ulna
Olecronon process
Coronoid process
Trochlear notch
Radial notch

Question 9

shaft of radius and ulna?

Answer 9

Features

Radius
Borders
Medial (interosseous) border
Posterior border
Anterior border

Ulna
Borders
Anterior border
Posterior border
Lateral (Interosseous) border

Question 10

distal ends of radius and ulna?

Answer 10

Features

Radius
Consists of 5 surfaces
Styloid process
Ulnar notch

Ulna
Head
Styloid process

Question 11

common abnormalities and pattern recognition (hand and wrist)

Answer 11

• fracture of distal radius with dorsal displacement
• Often called a Colles fracture
• Named after the doctor that identified the pattern of fracture
• Colloquial term which we are trying to move away from
• Mechanism usually FOOSH injury
• Prevalent in populations with reduced bone strength/density

Question 12

common abnormalities and pattern recognition (radius and ulna)

Answer 12

Fracture of the proximal ulna
- Associated dislocation of the radial head
- Usually occur aged 4-10 and can lead to serious complications if not treated
- Referred to as the Monteggia fracture
- Usually FOOSH mechanism

Question 13

common abnormalities and pattern recognition (radius and ulna)

Answer 13

Fracture to middle>distal 1/3 of the radius - Associated dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint
- Usually occur aged 9-13 and can lead to serious complications if not treated
- Referred to as the Galleazzi fracture
- Usually FOOSH mechanism