Upper limb Flashcards
Elbow Joint
Hinge synovial joint (COMPOUND - 3 JOINTS)
1.
trochlea w/ trochlear notch of ulna,
capitulum w/ radial head
circumference of radial head with radial notch of ulna
coronoid fossa with coronoid process of ulna
olecranon fossa w/ olecranon of ulna
2. Capsule -
Fibrous - extends from coronoid, radial and olecranon fossa to epicondyles of humerus
Sacciform recess = extension of capsule to neck of radius
Synovial membrane -
Fatty tissue in coronoid and olecranon fossa
Bursa - subcutaneous (olecranon), intratendinous, subtendinous
3. Ulnar collateral lig, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament of head of radius holding in place to ulna
4. Movement
flexion - 140, extension - 20 (limit by olecranon), rotation with distal radioulnar joint (90)
Syndesmosis
Interosseus membrane and chorda obliqua
Distal radioulnar joint
1.
Ulnar notch of radius w/ articular circumfrerence of head of ulna
Fibrocartilage articular disc ( bind radius and ulna and seperate distal radioulnar joint from wrist joint)
2.
Capsula articularis w/ cavity
Sacciform recess - extension of cavity to between ulnar and carpal bones
3.
Palmar and dorsal radioulnar ligament
4.
supinatio/pronatio
Radiocarpal Joint (ulna not take part)
Ellisoid Synovial joint
1.
Articular surface of rasius, Articular disc
Scaphois, lunate, triquetram (prox row - pisiform) and interosseus intercarpal ligament
2. loose articular capsule w/ cavity
3.
Palmar and dorsal radiocarpal ligament
Palmar radiocarpal (stabilise and ensure hand follows in pronation and supination)
Ulnar collateral – styloid to the triquetrum and pisiform.
Radial collateral – styloid process to the scaphoid and trapezium.
4. Flex, extension, abb, add
ARTICULATIO MEDIOCARPALIS
1.Facies articularis Os scaphoideum; lunatum; triquetrum Os trapezium; trapesoideum; capitatum; hamatum; Interosseus intercarpal ligaments 2.Capsula articularis 3.Ligg. Palmar and Dorsal intercarpal lig Radiate carpal ligament 4.Movement (supports the action of ARTICULATIO RADIOCARPALIS)
Articulatio carpometacarpalis pollicis
ARTICULATIO OSSIS PISIFORMIS
ARTICULATIO OSSIS PISIFORMIS
Ligg.
Lig. pisohamatum
Lig. pisometacarpale
Articulatio carpometacarpalis pollicis 1.Facies articularis Os trapezium Basis osis metacarpalis I 2.Capsula articularis-loose 4.Movement Oppositio/repositio Flexio/extension
ARTICULATIONES CARPOMETACARPALES
1.Facies articularis
2.Capsula articularis- loose
2 chambers septum from os capitatum to III, IV metacarpal bones
3.Ligg.
Palmar and dorsal carpometacarpal ligament
Palmar and Dorsal metacarpal ligament (transverse orientation)
Interosseus metacarpal ligament
4.
Continous slightly moveable joint
Metacarpophalageal joint
1.Facies articularis Caput ossis metacarpales Basis phalanges proximales 2.Capsula articularis-loose 3. Ligg. Ligg. Collateralia Lig. Palmaria Transverse metacarpal ligament 4. Flexio/extensio Abductio/adduction
Interphalangeal Joints
1.Facies articularis Caput phalanges proximales Basis phalanges mediales Caput phalanges mediales Basis phalanges distales 2.Capsula articularis-loose (w/ synovial sheath for tendons) 3.Ligg. Ligg. collateralia Ligg. palmaria 4. Flexio/extensio
Shoulder Joint
Ball and socket synovial joint
1.
head of humerus, glenoid fossa of humerus, glenoid labrum (increase SA as head larger than fossa)
2. Capsule - attach to anatomical neck
Synovial membrane also form synovial sheath for biceps brachii tendon, bursa of subscapular muscle and has coomunication w/ subcorocoid busa,
Subacromial bursa outside capsule prevent wear and tear
3.Ligg.
Ligg. glenohumeralia: superius, mediale, inferius
Lig. coracohumerale - to greater tubercle
Lig. coracoacromiale - prevent superior displacement
4. Movement
Anteflexio- 90;retroflexio-20
Abductio/adductio-90-100
Rotatio-90
Acromioclavicular joint
Plane synovial joint 1. Acromial articular surface of the clavicle w/ acromial articular surface of acromion Disc (not always present) lined with fibrocartilage 2. capsule Joint cavity divided by articular disc loose fibrous w/ synovial lining 3. acromioclavicular ligament Coracoclavicular ligament (extracapsular) - conoid and trapezoid ligament 4. coracoclaviclar add 50o to arm abduction Lateral/medial rotation
Articulatio sternoclavicularis
Saddle synovial joint 1. Lined w/ fibrocartilage Sternal articular surface discus articularis Clavicular notch 2.Capsula articularis – loose 3.Ligg.: lig. sternoclaviculare anterius lig. sternoclaviculare posterus lig. interclaviculare lig. costoclaviculare 4. Elevation/depression Protraction/retraction of shoulder
