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Extra Y2 > upper limb > Flashcards

upper limb Flashcards

1
Q

Muscles of anterior pectoral compartment

A

pec major, minor
subclavius
serratus anterior

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2
Q

pec minor attach

A

Ribs 2-5

Coracoid process

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3
Q

What are the attachments of pectoralis major?

A

medial half of clavicle, costal cartilages (all), lateral lip of the bicipital groove (intertubercular sulcus)

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4
Q

subclavius attach

A

1st costochondral joint Clavicle

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5
Q

Serratus A attachment

A

Medial border of the costal surface of the scapula Anteriorly attaches to the ribs (1-9)

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6
Q

muscles of posterior compartment

A

trapezius Latissimus dorsi Levator scapulae Rhomboids (minor and major)

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7
Q

Lats attach

A

Thoracolumbar fascia and posterior 1/3 of the iliac crest

to Floor of the intertubercular sulcus

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8
Q

rhomboids attach

A

Both attach distally to the medial border of the scapula Rhomboid minor attaches proximally to the spinous processes of C7 and T1 Rhomboid major attaches proximally to the spinous processes of T2-T5

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9
Q

levator scapulae attachment

A

Attaches proximally to the transverse processes of C1-C4

Attaches distally to the superior angle of the scapula

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10
Q

levator scap function

A

elevate and rotate scapula

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11
Q

Deltoid attachments

A

Proximal – lateral 1/3 of the clavicle (deltoid tubercle of clavicle), acromion process and crest of the spine of the scapula (deltoid tubercle of spine of scapula)

Distal – deltoid tuberosity of the humerus

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12
Q

supraspinatus attachment

infraspinatus attachment

A

supraspinatus fossa to greater tubercle of humerus

Infraspinatus fossa to greater tubercle of hum

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13
Q

Which intrinsic shoulder muscles are involved in abducting arm

A

Supraspinatus is important in the first 15 degree of abduction of the arm, then the deltoid takes over.

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14
Q

teres major

A

Inferior angle of the scapula to the medial lip of the intertubercular sulcus
Medial lip is different to lesser tuberosity of the humerus. Medial Lip refers to the medial ‘edge’ of the groove from top to bottom of the sulcus. Lesser tuberosity is only a small circular bit at the top of the humerus (search up a pic)

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15
Q

Which muscles make up the anterior compartment of the arm and which nerve innervates them?

A

Biceps brachii
Brachialis
Coracobrachialis

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16
Q

coracobrachialis attachment

A

coracoid process to anteromedial surface of the shaft of humerus

17
Q

brachialis attachment

A

Proximal: shaft of the humerus
Distal: coronoid process of ulna

18
Q

triceps attachment

A

Long head – infraglenoid tubercle
Medial and lateral head – proximal part of the shaft of the humerus
Distal attachment: olecranon process of the ulna

19
Q

anconeous attachment

A

Proximal: lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Distal: shaft of the ulna

20
Q

Which three ligaments surround the glenohumeral joint?

A

Glenohumeral ligament
Coracohumeral ligament
Transverse humeral ligament

21
Q

What is the ligament of the acromioclavicular joint?

A

acromioclavicular ligament (superior and inferior)

22
Q

type of joint glenohumeral

A

ball in socket synovial

23
Q

what is the glenoid cavity deepened by

A 
glenuhumeral labrum (lip)
fibrocartilaginous ring
24
Q

What structure is found between the superior surface of the humerus and the inferior surface of the acromion?

A

subacromial bursa

25
Q

scapulothoracic joint (virtual joint) movements

A

Elevation/depression
Protraction/retraction
Rotation

26
Q

shape of axilla and contents

A 
pyramid
Nerves – the brachial plexus 
Arteries – axillary artery and its branches 
Veins – axillary vein and its branches 
Lymphatic vessels and lymph nodes
27
Q

axilla borders

A

Anterior wall – pectoralis major and pectoralis minor, subclavius
Lateral wall – humerus (intertubercular sulcus)
Medial wall – upper thoracic wall and serratus anterior
Posterior wall – costal surface of scapula, subscapularis muscle, teres major and distal part of latissimus dorsi

28
Q

what does the median cub vein join

A

basilic and cephalic veins (part of superficial drainage system)

29
Q

What are the veins on the dorsal side of the hand called?

What are the two venous arches that drains the palms?

A

Dorsal venous network , this drains to cephalic and basilic veins (the superficial venous system)

Arches that drain the palm:
Superficial palmar venous arch- drains to ulnar vein
Deep palmar venous arch - drains radial vein

these are both venae comitantes that accompany the superficial and deep palmar arches (the artery equivalent)

30
Q

lymph nodes of shoulder and arm

A

Cubital lymph nodes
Delto-pectoral lymph nodes
Axillary lymph nodes

31
Q

what tendon is the pisiform bone (sesamoid) enclosed in

A

tendon of flexor carpi ulnaris

32
Q

Deep ant. compartment of forearm

A

Flexor digitorum profundus
Flexor pollicis longus
Pronator quadratus

33
Q

which muscles originate from common flexor tendon/origin

A 
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Palmaris longus
Flexor carpi radialis
Pronator teres
Flexor digitorum superficialis

(ie the superficial layer)

34
Q

what is a retinaculum

A

A retinaculum (plural retinacula) is a band around tendons that holds them in place. It is not part of any muscle. Its function is mostly to stabilize a tendon. The term retinaculum is New Latin, derived from the Latin verb retinere (to RETAIN ie retain tendons).

so flexor retinaculum = retain the flexors

35
Q

Which muscle tendon is continuous with palmar aponeurosis

A

Palmaris longus tendon
NOTE: palmaris longus tendon isn’t present in everyone and before it spreads to form the palmar aponeurosis, it is attached to the flexor retinaculum

36
Q

What can be palpated in the anatomical snuffbox?

What vessel is in this area
What tendons mark the snuffbox boundaries

A

Scaphoid (this is often fractured when trying to break a fall)
Branch of the radial artery

boundaries = 
medial border (wrt midline of hand): extensor pollicis longus
lateral border: extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus
37
Q

main ligaments at the elbow

A

Radial collateral ligament
Ulnar collateral ligament (3 parts)
Anular ligament

38
Q

3 p[arts of ulnar collateral ligament

A

Anterior band
Posterior band
Oblique band

39
Q

Carrying angle of genders

A

10-15 Males

>15 females

Extra Y2 (16 decks)

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