Upper Limb

Question 1

Proximal

Answer 1

close to the origin (thorax)

Shoulder is proximal to elbow

Question 2

Distal

Answer 2

farther away from origin

Elbow is distal to the shoulder

Question 3

Lateral

Answer 3

farther from the midline

Question 4

Medial

Answer 4

closer to the midline

The radius is lateral to the ulna, which is medial

Question 5

Anterior (Ventral)

Answer 5

refers to pectoral surface of body

Cubital fossa and pal are anterior

Question 6

Posterior (Dorsal)

Answer 6

Olecranon process and dorsum of hand are posterior

Question 7

Superior and inferior used to describe

Answer 7

scapula and clavicle

Question 8

Clavicle

Answer 8

Only bony attachment of the upper limb to the thorax

Question 9

Scapula

Answer 9

Bridge between clavicle and humerus

Question 10

Humerus

Answer 10

Arm

Question 11

Radius

Answer 11

Lateral forearm

Question 12

Ulna

Answer 12

Medial forearm

Question 13

Carpals

Answer 13

Wrist

Question 14

Carpal Bones from Proximal

Answer 14

Scaphoid
Lunate
Triquetrum
Pisiform

Question 15

Carpal Bones from Distal

Answer 15

Trapezium
Trapezoid
Capitate
Hamate

Question 16

Phalanges of thumb

Answer 16

Missing the middle phalanx

Question 17

Elevation of the upper limb

Answer 17

first 30 degrees of elevation of upper limb can occur without movement of scapula
Fully elevating arm requires abduction at glenohumeral joint and scapular rotation

Question 18

When arm is fully elevated (180 degrees of abduction)

Answer 18

120 degrees occurs at the glenohumeral joint and 60 degrees from scppular rotation

Question 19

Sternoclavicular Joint

Answer 19

Saddle joint (morphology)
Ball and Socket (functional) 
Only bony articulation btw upper limb and thorax

Question 20

Acromioclavicular Joint

Answer 20

Plane synovial joint

Question 21

Ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint

Answer 21

Acromioclavicular
Coracoclavicular
Coracoacromial

Question 22

Movements of the scapula with acromioclavicular joint

Answer 22

Elevation/Depression
Protraction/Retraction
Rotation

Question 23

Glenohumeral Joint

Answer 23

Ball and socket joint

Question 24

Ligaments of the glenohumeral joint

Answer 24

Glenohumeral ligaments (sup, middle, inf)
Coracohumeral ligament
Transverse humeral ligament
Coracoacromial ligament

Question 25

Movements of the glenohumeral joint

Answer 25

Medial/lateral rotation Abudction/Adduction Flexion/Extension

Question 26

Elbow Joints

Answer 26

Three joints with a single joint capsule

Question 27

Humero-ulnar joint

Answer 27

Hinge joint

Question 28

Ligaments of humero-ulnar joint

Answer 28

Anterior, posterior and transverse (oblique) ulnar collateral ligaments

Question 29

Movements of humero-ulnar joint

Answer 29

Flexion/Extension

Question 30

Humero-radial joint

Answer 30

``` Ball and socket joint (morphological) Hinge joint (functional) ```

Question 31

Humero-radial joint ligaments

Answer 31

radial collateral ligaments

Question 32

Humero-radial movements

Answer 32

flexion/extension

Question 33

Proximal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 33

pivot joint

Question 34

Proximal radio-ulnar joint ligaments

Answer 34

annular ligament - ties the head of the radius to the ulna

Question 35

Movements of the proximal radio-ulnar ligament

Answer 35

Rotation associated with pronation and supination

Question 36

Distal Radio-ulnar joint

Answer 36

pivot joint

Question 37

Ligaments of the distal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 37

interosseous membrane | dorsal and palmar radioulnar ligaments

Question 38

Movements of the distal radio-ulnar joint

Answer 38

rotation associated with pronation and supination

Question 39

Radio-carpal joint

Answer 39

condyloid synovial joint btw radius and scaphoid + lunate

Question 40

Ulna and carpals

Answer 40

Ulna does NOT contact the carpals directly | It is separated from the carpals by an articular disc

Question 41

Ligaments of the radiocarpal joint

Answer 41

Radial and ulnar carpal collateral ligaments | Dorsal and palmar radiocarpal ligaments

Question 42

Movements of the radiocarpal joint

Answer 42

Flexion/extension | Abduction/adduction (larger ROM in adduction)

Question 43

Intercarpal joints | Type and Movement

Answer 43

Plane joints | Sliding

Question 44

Carpometacarpal Joints | Type and movement

Answer 44

Plane joints | Sliding

Question 45

Metacarpophalangeal Joint | Type and movement

Answer 45

Condyloid joints except the 1st MCP joint Flexion/Extension Abduction/Adduction

Question 46

Trapeziometacarpal Joint | Type and mvoement

Answer 46

Saddle joint Flexion/Extension Abduction/Adduction Opposition

Question 47

Interphalangeal Joints

Answer 47

Hinge joint | Flexion/Extension