Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Yr 3 MSK > Upper limb 3+4 anatomy > Flashcards

Upper limb 3+4 anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

In the anterior forearm, what are the actions of the 4 superficial muscles?

A
  • Flexors of wrist

- Pronators of forearm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the 4 superficial muscles of anterior forearm, going from lateral to medial?

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Where does the common flexor tendon of the 4 superficial muscles of anterior forearm attach to?

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the action of pronator teres?

A

Pronates forearm and flexes wrist

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What nerves innervate the 4 superficial nerves of forearm?

A

Median nerve innervates

  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus

Ulnar nerve innervates
-Flexor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What superficial muscle is responsible for adduction as well as flexion of wrist?

A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What superficial muscle is responsible for abduction as well as flexion of wrist?

A

Flexor carpi radialis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is the main action of brachioradialis?

A

Flexion of elbow joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What nerve innervates brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Why is it unusual for radial nerve to innervate brachioradialis?

A

General rule is that radial nerve supplies only extensor muscles (brachioradialis is flexor muscle) and that all flexors lie in anterior compartment

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What muscle makes up the intermediate group of muscles of the anterior forearm?

A

Flexor digitorum superficialis (FDS)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

The FDS has 4 tendons. What is the distal attachment of these 4 tendons?

A

Middle phalanges of medial 4 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What nerve innervates FDS?

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the 3 deep muscles of the anterior forearm?

A
  • Flexor digitorum profundus (FDP)
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Pronator quadratus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What bone of the forearm is the flexor digitorum profundus related to?

A

Ulna

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What bone of the forearm is the flexor pollicis longus related to?

A

Radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What part of the forearm is the pronator quadratus related to?

A

Distal radioulnar joint

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

Does the FDP act on all the fingers?

A

Not first digit (thumb)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What is the distal attachment of the FDP?

A

Distal phalanges of 2-5 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is the main action of FDP on wrist and interphalangeal joints of digits 2-5?

A

Flexion

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

The FDP has a dual nerve supply. What part is innervated by

  • Ulnar nerve
  • Median nerve?
A
  • Ulnar nerve: medial part (digits 4 and 5)

- Median nerve: lateral part (digits 2 and 3)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What is the action of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Flexion of thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is the innervation of flexor pollicis longus?

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What is the action and innervation of pronator quadratus?

A

Pronation of forearm, median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
Q

The median nerve is the main nerve in the anterior compartment of the forearm. In the cubital fossa, where can you find the median nerve in relation to the brachial artery?

A

Medial to brachial artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
26
Q

What muscles does the median nerve NOT supply in the forearm? What nerve supplies these?

A
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris: Ulnar nerve

- Medial half of flexor digitorum profundus running to digits 4+5: Ulnar nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
27
Q

The flexor retinaculum is a fibrous band on the palmar side of the hand. Does the median nerve enter the hand above or below this?

A

Below

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
28
Q

Describe the path of the ulnar nerve through the forearm?

A

Passes posterior to medial epicondyle –> Enters forearm by passing between heads of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle–> descends close to ulnar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
29
Q

Where is the ulnar nerve in the forearm in relation to the ulnar artery?

A

Medial

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
30
Q

What are the two terminal branches of brachial artery?

A

Radial and ulnar artery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
31
Q

Closely related to what part of the radius bone does the brachial artery divide?

A

Neck of radius

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
32
Q

What are the bones making up the medial and lateral boundaries of the carpal tunnel?

A

Lateral: Trapezium and scaphoid
Medial: Hamate and pisiform

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
33
Q

What are the contents of the carpal tunnel that pass through to the hand?

A
  • Median nerve
  • 4 tendons of flexor digitorum superficialis
  • 4 tendons of flexor digitorum profundus
  • Tendon of flexor pollicis longus
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
34
Q

What joint of the finger does flexor digitorum superficialis flex?

A

Proximal interphalangeal joint of medial 4 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
35
Q

What joint of the finger does flexor digitorum profundus flex?

A

Distal interphalangeal joint of medial 4 digits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
36
Q

What nerve is affected in carpal tunnel syndrome?

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
37
Q

What muscle of the forearm is continuous with the palmar aponeurosis in the palm?

A

Palmaris longus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
38
Q

What are the 5 compartments where the intrinsic muscles of the hand lie?

A
  • Thenar compartment
  • Hypothenar compartment
  • Adductor compartment
  • Lumbricals and long flexor tendons - central compartment
  • Interosseous compartment
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
39
Q

Where are the thenar muscles of the hand located?

A

Lateral part of palm, responsible for mainly the apposition of thumb

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
40
Q

What are the three thenar muscles of hand?

A
  • Abductor pollicis brevis
  • Flexor pollicis brevis
  • Opponens pollicis (located deep to other two muscles)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
41
Q

What nerve innervates the thenar muscles?

A

Median nerve

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
42
Q

The median nerve carries what root values to the thenar muscles?

A

C8, T1

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
43
Q

Where are the hypothenar muscles in the hand?

A

Medial side of the palm, move pinky finger

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
44
Q

What are the three hypothenar muscles of the hand?

A
  • Abductor digiti minimi
  • Flexor digiti minimi
  • Opponens digiti minimi
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
45
Q

What nerve innervates the hypothenar muscles? what root values does it carry?

A

Ulnar nerve, C8-T1

46
Q

What are the two heads of the adductor pollicis muscles?

A

Transverse and oblique heads. Transverse can be found more distally

47
Q

What nerve innervates adductor pollicis?

A

Ulnar nerve (C8, T1)

48
Q

What is the action of adductor pollicis?

A

Adducts thumb towards palm

49
Q

From which long flexor tendon does the lumbricals originate?

A

Flexor digitorum profundus

50
Q

What is the action of the lumbricals?

A

Flex fingers at MCP joint and simultaneously extend the interphalangeal joint of digits 2-5

51
Q

What is the innervation of the lumbricals?

A

Medial 2 lumbricals - deep branch of Ulnar nerve

Lateral 2 lumbricals - median nerve

52
Q

There are 4 dorsal and 3 palmar interossei. What is the useful mnemonic to remember the action of each of these

A

DAB - Dorsal interossei ABduct fingers

PAD - Palmar interossei ADuct fingers

53
Q

What nerve innervates dorsal and palmar interossei?

A

Deep branch of Ulnar nerve

54
Q

What spinal segmental levels provide nerve fibres to the nerve innervating interossei?

A

C8, T1

55
Q

Lesion of which trunk affects the short muscles of hand?

A

Lower trunk (C8, T1) - called Klumpke’s paralysis

56
Q

What artery is the main contributor for the superficial and deep palmar arches of the hand?

A

Superficial - ulnar artery

Deep - radial artery

57
Q

Where are the arterial and venous arches found on the hand

A

Arterial - palmar

Venous - dorsal

58
Q

What do the median/ulnar/radial nerves supply in the hand (generally)?

A

Median and ulnar supply the muscles

Radial supplies skin on dorsal aspect of hand

59
Q

Where does the median nerve enter the hand?

A

Carpal tunnel

60
Q

The ulnar nerves innervates most of the intrinsic hand muscles except from what?

A

Thenar and 1st/2nd lumbricals (median nerve)

61
Q

The ulnar nerve is a branch of which brachial plexus cord?

A

Medial cord

62
Q

Median and ulnar nerves carry what segmental fibres to the intrinsic hand muscles?

A

C8 and T1

63
Q

What is the mnemonic for remembering the bones of hand?

A 
Some (Scaphoid)
Lovers (Lunate)
Try (Triquetrium)
Positions (Pisiform)
That (Trapezium)
They (Trapezoid)
Can't (Capitate)
Handle (Hamate)
64
Q

What type of joint is the wrist?

A

Synovial condyloid joint

65
Q

What structures form the proximal part of the wrist joint?

A

Articular disc/radius

66
Q

What structures (bones) form the distal part of the wrist joint?

A

Scaphoid, lunate, triquetrium

67
Q

What movements can occur at the wrist joint?

A

Flexion, extension, circumduction, adduction, abduction

68
Q

What is the action of most of the anterior compartment muscles of forearm on the wrist?

A

Flexion

69
Q

What is the combined action of extensor/flexor carpi ulnaris on wrist joint?

A

Adductors, ulnar deviation

70
Q

What muscles abduct wrist?

A
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis
  • Abductor pollicis longus
71
Q

What do most of the posterior compartment muscles of forearm do to the wrist?

A

Extension

72
Q

What 3 groups are muscles of the posterior forearm organised into?

A
  • Muscles extending/abducting/adducting hand at wrist joint
  • Muscles extending medial 4 digits
  • Muscles that extend or abduct the thumb
73
Q

What muscles extend/adduct/abduct hand at wrist joint?

A
  • Extensor carpi radialis longus
  • Extensor carpi radialis brevis
  • Extensor carpi ulnaris
74
Q

What does extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis do at wrist?

A

Extension and abduction (abduction assisted by flexor carpi radialis

75
Q

What muscles help extend the medial 4 digits?

A
  • Extensor digitorum
  • Extensor indicis
  • Extensor digiti minimi
76
Q

Where do the extensor muscles of the forearm originate?

A

Lateral epicondyle

77
Q

When abducting your fingers what tendons can you see on the dorsum of your hand?

A

Extensor digitorum

78
Q

What muscles extend/abduct the thumb?

A
  • Abductor pollicis longus
  • Extensor pollicis brevis
  • Extensor pollicis longus
79
Q

What nerve innervates ALL the posterior compartment muscles of forearm?

A

Radial nerve

80
Q

Action of extensor digitorum?

A

Extend medial 4 digits at MCP joints

81
Q

Action of Extensor carpi radialis longus/brevis?

A

Extend/abduct wrist

82
Q

Action of brachioradialis?

A

Flexes elbow joint

83
Q

Action of extensor carpi ulnaris?

A

Extends and adducts wrist

84
Q

Action of supinator?

A

Supinates forearm

85
Q

Action of extensor digiti minimi?

A

Extends 5th finger at MCP joint

86
Q

The supinator envelops the neck of radius. What is its action and innervation?

A

Supinate forearm, deep branch of radial nerve (exits from supinator muscle)

87
Q

Where is the superficial branch distributed?

A

Dorsum of hand, sensory

88
Q

What muscle tendons bound the anatomical snuff box medially and laterally?

A

Abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis laterally, extensor pollicis longus medially

89
Q

What is the anatomical snuff box?

A

Shallow depression on lateral aspect of wrist when thumb is fully extended

90
Q

What bones make up the floor of the anatomical snuff box?

A

Scaphoid, trapezium

91
Q

What arterial pulse can you feel in the anatomical snuff box?

A

Radial artery

92
Q

What nerve innervates abductor pollicis longus, extensor pollicis brevis and extensor pollicis longus?

A

Radial nerve

93
Q

Action of extensor pollicis longus?

A

Extension of wrist and thumb

94
Q

Action of extensor pollicis brevis?

A

Extension of wrist and thumb

95
Q

Action of abductor pollicis longus?

A

Extension of wrist, extension and abduction of thumb (at carpometacarpal joint)

96
Q

What do the 4 extensor digitorum tendons flatten to form?

A

Extensor expansion (triangular tendinous aponeurosis wrapping around dorsum and sides of head of metacarpal and base of proximal phalanx)

97
Q

What muscles attach to extensor expansion?

A

Lumbricals, dorsal/palmar interossei, extensor digitorum

98
Q

Action of pronator teres on ELBOW joint?

A

Flexion

99
Q

Nerver innervating brachioradialis?

A

Radial nerve

100
Q

Combined action of flexor carpi ulnaris and extensor carpi ulnaris on wrise?

A

Adduction

101
Q

Nerve innervating flexor carpi ulnaris?

A

Ulnar nerve

102
Q

Action of lumbricals?

A

Flex MCP joint, extend interphalangeal joints

103
Q

Action of adductor pollicis?

A

Adduct thumb

104
Q

What type of joint is interphalangeal joint?

A

Synovial hinge

105
Q

Action of dorsal interossei of fingers?

A

Abduction of fingers

106
Q

Innervation of dorsal interossei?

A

Ulnar nerve

107
Q

Action of abductor pollicis longus on wrist?

A

Extension

108
Q

Action of abductor pollicis longus on thumb?

A

Abduction and extension at carpometacarpal joint

109
Q

Type of joint between radius and ulnar bone?

A

Synovial pivot

110
Q

Two muscles supinating forearm?

A

Supinator, biceps brachii

Yr 3 MSK (12 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions