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Yr 3 MSK > Lower limb 3+4 anatomy > Flashcards

Lower limb 3+4 anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

What are the 3 compartments of lower leg?

A
  • Anterior
  • Lateral
  • Posterior
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2
Q

What are the 4 muscles in anterior compartment of lower leg?

A
  • Tibialis anterior
  • Extensor digitorum longus
  • Extensor hallucis longus
  • Fibularis tertius
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3
Q

What is the action of the anterior compartment muscles of the lower leg?

A
  • Dorsiflex ankle

- Extend toes

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4
Q

What are the branches of common fibular nerve seen in anterior part of lower leg?

A
  • Superficial fibular nerve

- Deep fibular nerve

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5
Q

What artery precedes dorsalis pedis?

A

Anterior tibial artery

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6
Q

Why is injury to common fibular nerve possible?

A
  • Superficial position of nerve

- Winds around fibular neck = vulnerable to direct trauma

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7
Q

What type of joint is the ankle?

A

Synovial hinge joint

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8
Q

What are the articulating surfaces of the ankle?

A

-Distal end of tibia and fibula with superior part of talus bone

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9
Q

When is the malleoli grip on talus bone strongest/weakest?

A

Strongest - dorsiflexion

Weakest - plantarflexion

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10
Q

Which ligament of ankle is weakest - medial or lateral

A

Lateral

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11
Q

During what movements of subtalar joint is sprains most common?

A

Inversion

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12
Q

What muscles are responsible for plantarflexion?

A

-Lateral/posterior leg compartment muscles

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13
Q

What type of joint is the proximal tibio-fibular joint?

A

Synovial plane

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14
Q

What type of joint is the distal tibio-fibular joint?

A

Syndesmosis

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15
Q

What form the borders of the popliteal fossa?

A

Upper medial border: Semimembranosus
Upper lateral border: Biceps femoris
Lower medial border: Medial head of gastrocnemius
Lower lateral border: Lateral head of gastrocnemius

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16
Q

Contents of popliteal fossa?

A
  • Fat
  • Termination of small saphenous vein
  • Popliteal artery/Vein +branches/tributaries
  • Tibial/common fibular nerves
  • Post. cutaneous muscle of thigh
  • Popliteal lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels
17
Q

What is the action of gastrocnemius?

A
  • Plantarflex ankle
  • Flex knee
  • Help in walking
18
Q

What nerve innervates gastrocnemius?

A

Tibial nerve (S1,2)

19
Q

What is the action of plantaris?

A

Plantarflex ankle

-Help in propioception

20
Q

What nerve innervates posterior compartment of leg?

A

tibial nerve

21
Q

What branch of popliteal artery supplies posterior compartment of leg?

A

Posterior tibial artery

22
Q

What 4 muscles make up the deep part of posterior compartment of leg?

A
  • Popliteus
  • Flexor digitorum longus
  • Flexor hallucis longus
  • Tibialis posterior
23
Q

What is the order of leg structures passing posterior to medial malleolus going from anterior to posterior? (think of mnemonic Tom Dick And Very Nervous Harry)

A 
Tibialis posterior
flexor Digitorum longus
posterior tibial Artery and Vein
tibial Nerve
flexor Hallucis longus
24
Q

What movements occur at subtalar joints?

A

Inversion, eversion

25
Q

How many layers of muscles in the foot are there?

A

4 (learn first 2)

26
Q

What are the two terminal branches of tibial nerve supplying the intrinsic muscles of foot?

A
  • Medial plantar

- Lateral plantar

27
Q

What are the two terminal branches of posterior tibial artery supplying the foot?

A
  • Medial plantar

- Lateral plantar

28
Q

Regarding the dorsal and plantar interossei, what actions do they have?

A

Plantar interossei ADduct

Dorsal interossei ABduct

29
Q

Two actionos of extensor hallucis longus?

A

Extension of toe

Dorsiflexion of foot

30
Q

Actions of popliteus?

A

Flexion

Unlocks knee

31
Q

Innervation of extensor digitorum brevis?

A

Deep fibular nerve

32
Q

Actions of fibularis longus?

A

Eversion

Plantarflexion

33
Q

Innervation of fibuaris longus?

A

Superficial fibular nerve

34
Q

Action of tibialis posterior?

A

Plantarflex ankle

Invert foot

Yr 3 MSK (12 decks)

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