Upper Limb

Question 1

what does the humerus articulate with?

Answer 1

scapula - head
ulna - trochlea, coronoid fossa and olecranon fossa
radius - capitulum and radial fossa

Question 2

where is the humerus located?

Answer 2

the humerus is the arm
between pectoral girdle and forearm

Question 3

where does subscapularis attach to the humerus?

Answer 3

lesser tubercle
from scapula - subscapula fossa

Question 4

what attaches to the lesser tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 4

subscapularis

Question 5

what is the function of subscapularis?

Answer 5

medial rotation of the arm and stabilisation

Question 6

what muscles attach to the greater tubercle of the humerus?

Answer 6

supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor

Question 7

where does supraspinatus attach to the humerus?

Answer 7

greater tubercle
from scapula - supraspinous fossa

Question 8

what is the function of supraspinatus?

Answer 8

abduction of arm and stabilisation

Question 9

where does infraspinatus attach to the humerus?

Answer 9

greater tubercle
from scapula - infraspinous fossa

Question 10

what is the function of infraspinatus?

Answer 10

lateral rotation, abduction of arm and stabilisation

Question 11

where does teres minor attach to the humerus?

Answer 11

greater tubercle
from scapula - superior lateral border

Question 12

what is the function of teres minor?

Answer 12

lateral rotation, adduction of arm and stabilisation

Question 13

what attaches to the medial lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus?

Answer 13

teres major

Question 14

where does teres major attach to the humerus?

Answer 14

the medial lip of intertubercular groove
from scapula - inferior angle (dorsal)

Question 15

what is the function of teres major?

Answer 15

medial rotation, adduction and extension of arm

Question 16

what attaches to the intertubercular groove of the humerus?

Answer 16

latissimus dorsi

Question 17

where does latissimus dorsi attach to the humerus?

Answer 17

intertubercular groove
from vertebrae T7-L5 - spinous process, lower ribs and ilium - crest

Question 18

what is the function of latissimus dorsi?

Answer 18

medial rotation, adduction and extension of the arm

Question 19

where does pectoralis major attach to the humerus?

Answer 19

lateral lip of intertubercular groove
from clavicle, anterior -medial and sternum

Question 20

what muscle attached to the lateral lip of intertubercular groove of the humerus?

Answer 20

pectoralis major

Question 21

what is the function of pectoralis major?

Answer 21

medial rotation, adduction and flexion of arm

Question 22

where does deltoid attach to the humerus?

Answer 22

deltoid tuberosity
from clavicle - anterior lateral, scapula - lateral acromion and lower border of spine

Question 23

what is the function of deltoid?

Answer 23

flexion, extension, rotation and abduction of arm

Question 24

what muscle attaches to the deltoid tuberosity of the humerus?

Answer 24

deltoid

Question 25

what attaches to the distal anterior diaphysis of the humerus?

Answer 25

brachialis

Question 26

where does brachialis attach to the humerus?

Answer 26

distal anterior diaphysis to ulna - coronoid process and tuberosity

Question 27

what is the function of brachialis?

Answer 27

flexion of the forearm

Question 28

what attaches to the posterior diaphysis of the humerus?

Answer 28

triceps brachii

Question 29

where does triceps brachii attach to the humerus?

Answer 29

posterior diaphysis also scapula - infraglenoid tubercle to ulna - olecranon

Question 30

what is the function of triceps brachii?

Answer 30

extension of forearm and adduction

Question 31

what attaches to the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus?

Answer 31

brachioradialis

Question 32

where does brachioradialis attach to the humerus?

Answer 32

lateral supracondylar ridge to radius - styloid process

Question 33

function of brachioradialis?

Answer 33

flexion of the forearm

Question 34

what attaches to the lateral epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 34

supinator

Question 35

what is the function of supinator?

Answer 35

supination of the forearm

Question 36

what attaches to the medial epicondyle of the humerus?

Answer 36

pronator teres

Question 37

where does pronator teres attach to the humerus?

Answer 37

medial epicondyle also ulna - coronoid process to radius - lateral diaphysis

Question 38

where does supinator attach to the humerus?

Answer 38

lateral epicondyle also the ulna - supinator crest to radius - lateral proximal diaphysis

Question 39

what is the function if pronator teres?

Answer 39

pronation and flexion of the forearm

Question 40

what are the non-metric traits of the humerus?

Answer 40

septal aperture - opening between olecranon and coronoid fossae ~2-11% of individuals. supracondylar process - spur of bone above medial epicondyle on supracondylar ridge

Question 41

what is the longest bone in the upper limb?

Answer 41

humerus

Question 42

what is the shortest bone in the upper limb?

Answer 42

radius

Question 43

what are the non-metric traits of the radius?

Answer 43

there are no commonly cited non-metric traits

Question 44

what does the radius articulate with?

Answer 44

humerus - head ulna - ulna notch, head lunate - medial distal surface scaphoid - lateral distal surface

Question 45

what attaches to the radial tuberosity of the radius?

Answer 45

biceps brachii

Question 46

where does biceps brachii attach to the radius?

Answer 46

radial tuberosity from scapula - supraglenoid tubercle and coracoid process

Question 47

what is the function of biceps brachii?

Answer 47

flexion of the forearm

Question 48

what attaches to the proximal lateral-posterior diaphysis of the radius?

Answer 48

supinator

Question 49

where does supinator attach to the radius?

Answer 49

proximal lateral-posterior diaphysis from ulna - supinator crest and humerus - lateral epicondyle

Question 50

what attaches to the pronator crest/tuberosity of the radius?

Answer 50

pronator teres

Question 51

where does pronator teres attach to the radius?

Answer 51

pronator crest from humerus - medial epicondyle and ulna - medial

Question 52

where does pronator quadratus attach to the radius?

Answer 52

posterior, extensor grooves for extensor muscles distal anterior diaphysis

Question 53

what is the function of pronator quadratus?

Answer 53

forearm and hand pronation

Question 54

where does brachioradialis attach to the radius?

Answer 54

area superior to styloid process from humerus - lateral supracondylar ridge

Question 55

what is the function of brachioradialis?

Answer 55

flexion of the forearm

Question 56

where does the ulna articulate?

Answer 56

humerus - olecranon radius - radial notch, head

Question 57

what are the non-metric traits of the ulna?

Answer 57

trochlear notch shape

Question 58

what does the ulna not articulate with the carpals?

Answer 58

it provides greater rotation of the hand and radius around the ulna than is observed in many other mammals

Question 59

what attaches to the olecranon process of the ulna?

Answer 59

triceps brachii

Question 60

where does triceps brachii attach to the ulna?

Answer 60

olecranon from humerus - radial sulcus, scapula - infraglenoid tubercle

Question 61

what attaches to the coronoid process of the ulna?

Answer 61

brachialis

Question 62

where does brachialis attach to the ulna?

Answer 62

coronoid process from humerus - inferior anterior diaphysis

Question 63

what attaches to the medial border of the ulna?

Answer 63

pronator teres

Question 64

where does pronator teres attach to the ulna?

Answer 64

medial border also from humerus - medial epicondyle to radius - diaphysis

Question 65

what attaches to the supinator crest of the ulna?

Answer 65

supinator

Question 66

where does supinator attach to the ulna?

Answer 66

supinator crest also from humerus - lateral epicondyle to radius - diaphysis

Question 67

where does pronator quadratus attach to the ulna?

Answer 67

line on distal anterior and medial diaphysis to radius - distal

Question 68

where does extensor carpi ulnaris attach to the ulna?

Answer 68

notch on posterior distal end - lateral to styloid process to 5th metacarpal

Question 69

what is the function of extensor carpi ulnaris?

Answer 69

hand extension