Pelvic Girdle Flashcards
what bones form the innominate bone?
ilium
ischium
pubis
what is the pelvic girdle made up of?
2 innominates (Os coxae) and the sacrum
what is the purpose of the pelvis?
is a link between the upper and lower body, major weight bearing structure
is the pelvis sexually dimorphic?
yes, most sexually dimorphic portion of the skeleton
what is the greater and lesser pelvis?
greater (false) pelvis sits above the inlet
lesser (true) pelvis sits below the inlet
what does the pelvis articulate with?
sacrum - auricular surface
femur - acetabulum
each other - pubic symphysis
what are the gluteal lines?
the lines on the ilium indicating where the gluteal muscles attach
where does the inguinal ligament attach to the ilium?
the anterior superior iliac spine to the pubis - pubic tubercle
where does satorius attach to the ilium?
the anterior superior iliac spine to the tibia - upper medial
what is the function of satorius?
flexion, lateral rotation and abduction of the thigh at the hip joint
where does tensor fasciae latae attach to the ilium?
the anterior superior iliac spine to the tibia - via iliotibial tract
what is the function of tensor fasciae latae?
flexion, abduction and rotation of the thigh
where does rectus femoris attach to the ilium?
the anterior inferior iliac spine to patella - anterior head
what is the function of rectus femoris?
extension of leg at knee joint and flexion of thigh at hip joint
where does the iliofemoral ligament attach to the ilium?
the anterior inferior iliac spine to femur - intertrochanteric line
what is the function of the iliofemoral ligament?
maintains pelvis position and keeps the femoral head in acetabulum
where does iliacus attach to the ilium?
the iliac fossa to femur - lesser trochanter
what if the function of iliacus?
flexes the thigh at hip joint
where does ligamentum teres attach to the ilium?
acetabulum, from femur - fovea capitis
what is the function of ligamentum teres?
prevent displacement of the femur
where does transverse acetabular ligament attach to the ilium?
at the edge of acetabulum, across acetabular notch
what is the function of transverse acetabular ligament?
prevent displacement of the femur
where does the inguinal ligament attach to the pubis?
pubic tubercle
what is the function of pectineus?
thigh flexion and adduction
where does pectineus attach to the pubis?
the pectineal line of superior ramus of the pubis, to femur - lesser trochanter and linea aspers
where does adductor magnus attach to the pubis?
inferior pubis ramus (also ischial tuberosity) to femur - linea aspera and adductor tubercle
what is the function of adductor magnus?
thigh adduction, extension and rotation
where does adductor longus attach to the pubis?
anterior pubis to femur - linea aspera
what is the function of adductor longus?
thigh adduction, flexion and medial rotation
where does biceps femoris attach to the ischium?
the ischial tuberosity (long head, short head from femur) to fibula (later head) and tibia (lateral condyle)
what is the function of biceps femoris?
knee flexion and rotation, hip extension
where does semitendinosus attach to the ischium?
ischial tuberosity to tibia - medial diaphysis
what is the function of semitendinosus?
knee flexion and rotation, hip extension
where does semimembranosus attach to the ischium?
ischial tuberosity to tibia - posterior medial condyle
what is the function of semimembranosus?
knee flexion and rotation, hip extension
what is accessory iliac and sacral facets?
articulations between ilium and sacrum other than at position of auricular surface
non-metric trait
what is a pre-auricular sulcus?
groove just inferior to caudal limb of auricular surface
non-metric trait
what is an acetabular crease?
groove penetrating the lunate surface from the superior margin of the acetabular notch near the trace of the triradiate suture
non-metric trait
what is dorsal pitting?
eroded areas on the pubic body
non-metric trait
what can cause an underdeveloped acetabulum?
linked with congenital hip dysplasia
non-metric trait
what is the difference between the greater sciatic notch in males and females?
male - narrow and deep
female - shallow and wide
what is the difference between the auricular surface between males and females?
male - depressed and wide
female - raised and narrow
what is the difference between the preauricular sulcus in males and females?
male - not present or illusionary
female - often present or well developed
what is the difference between the postauricular space between males and females?
male - narrow
female - wide
what is the difference between the ilium shape of males and females?
male - high and vertical
female - laterally divergent
what is the difference between the pubic symphysis in males and females?
male - higher
female - lower
what is the difference between the subpubic angle in males and females?
male - narrow V-shaped, acute angle
female - wide U-shaped, obtuse angle
what is the difference between the subpubic concavity in males and females?
male - slight to no concavity
female - concavity present
what is the difference between the ventral arc in males and females?
male - absent
female - present as elevated ridge extending inferolaterally across ventral pubis
what is the difference between the medial ischiopubic ramus in males and females?
males - broad, flat and blunt. slightly everted
females - ridged, sharp edged, everted
what is the difference between the shape of the pubic bone in males and females?
male - narrow
female - broad and rectangular
what is the difference between the dorsal pubic pitting in males and females?
male - absent
female - present
what is the method used for sex estimation in the pelvis?
Phenice method
what 3 features are looked at in the Phenice method?
in order of discriminatory power -
ventral arc
subpubic concavity
medial ischiopubic ramus
and requires the pubis to be intact
what is the difference between the sacrum shape in males and females?
male - long and narrow
female - short and broad
what is the difference between the number of segments of the sacrum in males and females?
male - 5+
female - 5
what is the difference between the body/alae proportions in males and females?
male - body wider
female - thirds
what does sexual dimorphic features occur in the pelvis?
after puberty
