upper limb

Question 1

muscle power scale

Answer 1

0 - no movement
1 - barest flicker of movement, not enough to move the structure to which its attached
2 - voluntary movement but not sufficient to overcome gravity
3 - voluntary movement capable of overcoming gravity but not applied resistance
4 - voluntary movement capable of overcoming some resistance
5 - normal strength

Question 2

shoulder abduction

Answer 2

myotome - C5 (axillary nerve)
muscles - deltoid

Question 3

shoulder adduction

Answer 3

myotome - C6/7 (thoracodorsal nerve)
muscles - pectoralis major

Question 4

elbow flexion

Answer 4

myotomes - C5/6 (musculocutaneous + radial nerve)
muscles - biceps brachii and brachialis

Question 5

elbow extension

Answer 5

myotomes - C7 (radial nerve)
muscles - triceps brachii

Question 6

wrist extension

Answer 6

myotomes - radial nerve
muscles - extensors of the wrist

Question 7

wrist flexion

Answer 7

myotomes - C6/7 (median nerve)
muscles - superficial wrist flexors or forearm

Question 8

finger flexion

Answer 8

myotomes - C8 (median nerve)
muscles - deep digital flexors of forearm

Question 9

finger extension

Answer 9

myotomes - C7 (radial nerve)
muscles - extensor digitorum

Question 10

what is the Jendrassik Manoeuvre

Answer 10

patient locks fingers together and pulls hard as you tap the quadriceps tendon (can also ask patient to clench teeth)

explanation: voluntary UMN innervation of the arm overflows to increase the excitability of the LMN pool of the lower extremities

only after 2 failed attempts will you try reinforcement

Question 11

biceps reflex

Answer 11

C5/6

Question 12

triceps reflex

Answer 12

C7, C8

Question 13

supinator reflex

Answer 13

C5/6

Question 14

UMN lesion conditions

Answer 14

stroke, MS, B12 deficiency, tumours, dementia