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anatomy 214 > upper leg muscles > Flashcards

upper leg muscles Flashcards

1
Q

what are the borders of the femoral triangle?

A

Superior: Inguinal ligament

Lateral: Sartorius

Medial: Adductor longus

Apex: Lateral border of sartorius across medial
border of adductor longus

Floor: Ilioposoas (lat) + pectineus (med)

Roof : Fascia lata + cribriform facia, subcutaneous tissue + skin

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2
Q

2 compartments of the femoral triangle ______

which is divided by the:

A

Lacuna

iliopectineal arch

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3
Q

Lateral lacuna:

A

Muscular lacuna

  • Iliopsoas
  • Femoral nerve
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4
Q

Medial lacuna:

A

Vascular lacuna

  • Arteries and veins
  • Lymphatics
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5
Q

content of the femoral triangle

A
  • Femoral nerve and branches

- Femoral sheath

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6
Q

femoral triangle is divided into:

A

Lateral compartment:
Femoral artery

Intermediate compartment:
Femoral vein

Medial compartment:
femoral canal (smallest)
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7
Q

femoral canal function

A
  • Allows femoral vein to expand during increased venous return
  • or increased intra-abdominal pressure
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8
Q

Adductor canal:

A

Intermuscular passage for:

  • Femoral a/v
  • saphenous nerve
  • nerve to vastus medius
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9
Q

Anterior compartment contains:

A
  • Anterior thigh muscles
  • Flexors of the hip
  • Extensors of the knee
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10
Q

Atrophy of muscles

A

Rapidly with disease

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11
Q

Which anterior muscles does the femoral nerve supply?

A

Pectineus
Iliacus
Sartorius

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12
Q

Which anterior muscles does the anterior rami of the lumbar nerve supply?

A
  • Iliopsoas

- Psoas minor

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13
Q
A

Pectineus muscle

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14
Q

Nerve supply of pectineus muscle

A

Femoral nerve

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15
Q

Pectineus proximal attachment

A

Superior ramus of pubis

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16
Q

Pectineus distal attachment

A

Pectineul line (femur)

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17
Q

Pectineus actions

A

adducts + flexes thigh

Medially rotates thigh

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18
Q
A

Sartorius muscles
[Tailors muscle]
-Longest muscle

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19
Q

Sartorius nerve supply

A

Femoral nerve

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20
Q

Sartorius proximal attachment

A
  • Anterior, superior iliac spine

- superior part of notch

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21
Q

Sartorius distal attachment

A

Superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

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22
Q

Sartorius actions:

A
  • Flexes, abducts, laterally rotates thigh at hip joint
  • flexes leg at knee
  • works with other muscles
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23
Q
A

Iliopsoas muscle

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24
Q

The iliopsoas muscle consists of:

A

-Psoas major, minor
(anterior rami of lumbar nerve)
-Iliacus (femoral nerve)

[Attached to the vert. column, pelvis, femur]

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25
Q

iliopsoas proximal attachment

A
  • T12-L5
  • Transverse processes of lumbar vert.
  • Iliac crest
  • Iliac fossa
  • Anterior sacroiliac ligaments
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26
Q

Iliopsoas distal attachment:

A
  • lesser trochanter of femur
  • Pectineal line
  • iliopectineal eminence
  • Tendon psoas major
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27
Q

iliopsoas actions

A
  • (main) flexing thigh at hip
  • Stabilising
  • most powerful muscles
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28
Q

Quadriceps femoris consists of:

A
  1. Rectus femoris
    2 Vastus lateralis
  2. vastus intermedius
  3. vastus medialis

[femoral nerve]
-have the same distal attachment and actions

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29
Q

Quadriceps femoris characteristics

A
  • Most powerful muscles
  • 3x stronger than hamstrings
  • Work over two joints
  • Action on hip and knee
  • Tendons of muscles unite as the
    quadriceps tendon
  • Patellar ligament continuation of
    this tendon
  • Medial + lateral vastus also attach to
    patella = form aponeuroses (medial
    and lateral patellar retinacula)-
    reinforce the joint capsule + keep
    patella aligned
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30
Q
A 
rectus femoris 
(runs straight down the thigh)
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31
Q

recuts femoris proximal attachment

A
  • Anterior inferior iliac spine

- Ilium, superior to the acetabulum

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32
Q

Quadriceps femoris distal attachment

A
  • Quadriceps tendon
  • independent attachment to the patella
  • aponeuroses
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33
Q

Quadriceps femoris actions

A
  • extend knee joint
  • flex thigh
    steadies hip joint
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34
Q
A

vastus lateralis

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35
Q

Vastus lateralis proximal attachment

A
  • greater trochanter of femur

- lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

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36
Q
A

vastus medialis

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37
Q

Vastus medialis proximal attachment

A
  • intertrochanteric line

- medial lip of linea aspera of femur

38
Q
A

vastus intermedius

39
Q

vastus intermedius proximal attachment

A
  • anterior and lateral surfaces of femur shaft
40
Q

Medial thigh muscles, also called the ________

and consist of:

A

adductor canal

  • Adductor longus
  • Adductor brevis
  • Adductor magnus
  • Gracilis
  • Obturator externus
41
Q

what is the function of the adductor canal?

A

Movement of certain structures from anterior to posterior in the leg

42
Q

what happens if there is variation in the line of gravity?

A

Variation of this can lead to injury

43
Q

What medial thigh muscles does the obturator nerve supply?

A
  • adductor longus
  • adductor brevis
  • obturator externus
  • gracilis
44
Q
A

adductor longus

45
Q

adductor longus proximal attachment

A

body of the pubis

-inferior to the pubic crest

46
Q

adductor longus distal attachment

A

middle 1/3 of proximal part of linea aspera

47
Q

adductor longus action

A

adducts thigh

48
Q
A

adductor brevis

49
Q

adductor brevis proximal attachment

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

50
Q

adductor brevis distal attachment

A

pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera

51
Q

adductor brevis action

A

adducts thigh

52
Q
A

obturator externus

53
Q

obturator externus proximal attachment

A
  • margins of obturator foramen

- obturator membrane

54
Q

obturator externus distal attachment

A

-trochanteric fossa

55
Q

obturator externus actions

A
  • Laterally rotates thigh

- steadies femur head in acetabulum

56
Q
A

gracilis

57
Q

Gracilis proximal attachment

A

body and inferior ramus of pubis

58
Q

gracilis distal attachment

A

superior part of the medial surface of the tibia

59
Q

gracilis actions

A
  • adducts thigh
  • flexes leg
  • helps medially rotate
60
Q
A

adductor magnus

61
Q

adductor magnus nerve supply

A

Adductor part: obturator nerve

hamstring part: tibial part of sciatic nerve

62
Q

Proximal attachment of the adductor magnus

A

adductor part:
- Ramus of the pubis and ischium

hamstring part:
Ischial tuberosity

63
Q

adductor magnus distal attachment

A

adductor part:

  • gluteal tuberosity
  • linea aspera
  • medial supracondylar line

hamstring part:
- adductor tubercle of femur

64
Q

adductor magnus actions

A
  • Flexes, adducts and extends thigh
65
Q

Posterior thigh muscles:

A

3- hamstings:
> Semitendinosus
> Semimembranosus
> Biceps femoris

66
Q
A

Semitendinoses

67
Q

Semitendinosus and semimembranosus share what?

A
  • same nerve supply
  • same action
  • same proximal attachment
68
Q

Semitendinosus proximal attachment

A

ischial tuberosity

69
Q

Semitendinosus nerve supply

A

Tibial division of sciatic nerve

70
Q

Semitendinosus distal attachment

A

medial surface of superior part of tibia

71
Q

Semitendinosus action

A

Extend thigh,flex leg,rotate leg medially

72
Q
A

Semimembranosus

73
Q

Semimembranosus proximal attachment

A

Ischial tuberosity

74
Q

Semimembranosus distal attachment

A

Posterior part of medial condyl of tibia

Some attachments form oblque popliteal ligament

75
Q

Semimembranosus action

A

Extend thigh,flex leg,rotate leg medially

76
Q

Semimembranosus Tendon divides into

A
  • Attachment to post aspect of medial tibial
    condyle
  • Blends with popliteal fascia
  • Part reinforces intercondylar part of joint
    capsule as the oblique popliteal ligament
77
Q

Nerve supply of Biceps femoris

A

Long head of biceps femoris
> Tibial div of sciatic n

Short head of biceps femoris
> Common fibular div of sciatic n

78
Q
A

Biceps femoris

79
Q

Biceps femoris proximal attachment

A 
Long head
   > Ischial tuberosity
Short head
  > Linea aspera,lateral supracondylar line of 
    femur
80
Q

Biceps femoris distal attachment

A
  • Lateral side of head of fibula

- Tendon split by the fibular collateral ligament knee

81
Q

Biceps femoris action

A

Flexes knee,rotates knee laterally,extends thigh

82
Q

Common tendon of insertion of

  1. gracilis
  2. sartorius
  3. semitendinosus
A

pes anserinus

83
Q

Tensor fascia latae proximal attachment

A

Anterior iliac crest

Surface of ilium below the crest

84
Q

Tensor fascia latae distal attachment

A

¼ down the thigh on iliotibial tract onto anterolateral tibial condyle

85
Q

Tensor fascia latae action

A

Abduct hip,flex hip

86
Q
A

Tensor fascia latae

87
Q

Tensor fascia latae connected via the _______ to the lower leg

A

iliotibial tract

88
Q
A

iliotibial tract

89
Q

Veins from posterior hip joint

A

Great saphenous v

Femoral v

90
Q
A
91
Q

fascia lata

A

The fascia that are found just under the skin.

The fascia of the leg is one “sock” around the leg from superior to inferior

anatomy 214 (7 decks)

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