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anatomy 214 > Lower limb > Flashcards

Lower limb Flashcards

1
Q

veins of the forearm:

A

Basilica
Cephalic
Median cubital
Median antebrachial (hand)

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2
Q
A
  1. Brachial
  2. Basilica
  3. Cephalic
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3
Q
A
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4
Q

Most ________ nerves form the brachial plexus

A

cutaneous

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5
Q

Wrist and hand controlled by

A

Extensor and flexor muscles of the forearm

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6
Q

Flexors and pronators (palm faces back)

A

-Lie anteriorly
Median nerve

Exeptions: 1 1/2 supplied by ulnar nerve

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7
Q

Extensors and supinator’s

A

Lie posteriorly

-Radial nerve

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8
Q

Where are the tendons of flexors located?

A

On the anterior surface

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9
Q

What holds the anterior compartment (flexors) in place-Anterior surface pf wrist?

A

Palmar carpal ligament

flexor retinaculum

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10
Q

Flexor (pronator) muscles: 3 layers

A
  • Superficial layer
  • Intermediate layer
  • Deep layer
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11
Q

attached by common flexor tendon at common flexor attachment

A

Superficial layer of flexors

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12
Q

Superficial (1st layer) muscles (4)

A
  • Pronator teres
  • Flexor carpi radialis
  • Palmaris longus
  • Flexor carpi ulnaris
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13
Q

Intermediate layer (2nd layer)

A

Flexor digitorium superficialis

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14
Q

Deep (3rd layer)

A
  • Flexor digitorium profundus
  • Flexor pollicis longus
  • Pronator quadratus
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15
Q
A

Flexor carpi radialis

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16
Q

Flexor carpi radialis nerve supply

A

median nerve

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17
Q

Flexor carpi radialis proximal attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus

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18
Q

Flexor carpi radialis distal attachment

A

Base of second and third metacarpal, anterior (palmar surface)

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19
Q

Flexor carpi radialis actions

A
  • Flexion

- Abduction

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20
Q
A

Palmaris longus

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21
Q

Palmaris longus proximal attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus

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22
Q

Palmaris longus distal attachment

A

Palmaris aponeurosis of second, thrid, fourth and fifth metacarpals

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23
Q

Palmaris longus nerve supply

A

Median nerve

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24
Q

Palmaris longus action

A

Flexion

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25
Q
A

Flexor carpi ulnaris

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26
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris nerve supply

A

Ulnar nerve

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27
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris proximal attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of humerus, posterior aspect of proximal ulna

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28
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris distal attachment

A

pisiform, hamate and base of fifth metacarpal

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29
Q

Flexor carpi ulnaris action

A

Flexion and adduction

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30
Q
A

Flexor digitorium superficialis

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31
Q

Flexor digitorium superficialis nerve supply

A

median nerve

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32
Q

Flexor digitorium superficialis proximal attachment

A

Medial epicondyle of the humerus.
Ulnar head: medial coronoid process.
Radial head: Upper two thirds of anterior border of radius

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33
Q

Flexor digitorium superficialis distal attachment

A

Split tendons attach to sides of middle phalanx of four fingers (palmar surface)

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34
Q

Flexor digitorium superficialis action

A

Flexion of wrist and fingers

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35
Q
A

Flexor digitorium profundus

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36
Q

Flexor digitorium profundus nerve supply

A

median (2-3 fingers) and ulnar nerve (4-5 fingers)

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37
Q

Flexor digitorium profundus proximal attachment

A

Proximal three-fourths of anterior and medial ulna

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38
Q

Flexor digitorium profundus distal attachment

A

Base of distal phalanxes of the four fingers

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39
Q

Flexor digitorium profundus action

A

Flexion of wrist and fingers

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40
Q
A

Flexor pollicis longus

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41
Q

Flexor pollicis longus nerve supply

A

median nerve

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42
Q

Flexor pollicis longus proximal attachment

A

middle anterior surface of radius and from the anterior medial border of ulna, just distal to coronoid process

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43
Q

Flexor pollicis longus distal attachment

A

Base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface)

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44
Q

Flexor pollicis longus actions

A

flexion

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45
Q

Posterior compartment

A

extensor muscles

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46
Q

Posterior compartment (extensor muscles) all have the same nerve supply:

A

Radial nerve

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47
Q

Group 1 : extensor muscles

A

extend and adduct/abduct the hand at wrist joint

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48
Q

Group 2: extensor muscles

A

extend the medial 4 fingers

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49
Q

Group 3: extensor muscles

A

extend or abduct thumb

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50
Q

Some extensor muscles attache to the _______ via the ____________

A
  • lateral epicondyle

- common extensor tendon

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51
Q

Extensors are held in place by

A

extensor retinaculum

52
Q

reduce friction on dorsum of wrist

A

Synovial tendon sheaths

53
Q
A

Extensor carpi ulnaris

54
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris nerve supply

A

Radial nerve

55
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris proximal attachment

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

Middle two- fourths of the posterior border of the ulna

56
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris distal attachment

A

Base of fifth metacarpal (dorsal surface)

57
Q

Extensor carpi ulnaris action

A

extensions

adduction

58
Q
A

Extensor carpi radialis brevis

59
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis nerve supply

A

Radial nerve

60
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis proximal attachment

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

61
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis distal attachment

A

Base of third metacarpal

62
Q

Extensor carpi radialis brevis action

A

Abduction

extension

63
Q
A

Extensor carpi radialis longus

64
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus nerve supply

A

Radial nerve

65
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus proximal attachment

A

Lower one-third of the lateral supracondylar ridge of the humerus and lateral epicondyle of the humerus

66
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus distal attachment

A

Base of second metacarpal (dorsal surface)

67
Q

Extensor carpi radialis longus actions

A

Abduction

extension

68
Q
A

Extensor digitorium

69
Q

Extensor digitorium nerve supply

A

radialis nerve

70
Q

Extensor digitorium proximal attachment

A

Lateral epicondyle of the humerus

71
Q

Extensor digitorium distal attachment

A

Four tendons to bases of middle and distal phalanges of four fingers (dorsal surface)

72
Q

Extensor digitorium actions

A

Extension of the wrist

extension of fingers

73
Q
A

Extensor indicis

74
Q

Extensor indicis proximal attachment

A

Middle to distal one-third of posterior ulna

75
Q

Extensor indicis nerve supply

A

radial nerve

76
Q

Extensor indicis distal attachment

A

Base of middle and distal phalanxes of second phalange (dorsal surface)

77
Q

Extensor indicis actions

78
Q
A

Extensor digiti minimi

79
Q

Extensor digiti minimi nerve supply

A

radial nerve

80
Q

Extensor digiti minimi proximal attachment

A

Lateral epicondyle of humerus

81
Q

Extensor digiti minimi distal attachment

A

Base of middle and distal phalanxes of 5th phalange (dorsal surface)

82
Q

Extensor digiti minimi actions

83
Q
A

Extensor pollicis longus

84
Q

Extensor pollicis longus nerve supply

A

radial nerve

85
Q

Extensor pollicis longus proximal attachment

A

Posterior lateral surface of lower middle ulna

86
Q

Extensor pollicis longus distal attachment

A

Base of distal phalanx of thumb (dorsal surface)

87
Q

Extensor pollicis longus actions

88
Q
A

Extensor pollicis brevis

89
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis nerve supply

A

radial nerve

90
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis proximal attachment

A

Posterior surface of lower middle radius

91
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis distal attachment

A

base of proximal phalanx of thumb (dorsal surface)

92
Q

Extensor pollicis brevis action

93
Q
A

Abductor pollicis longus

94
Q

Abductor pollicis longus nerve supply

A

radial nerve

95
Q

Abductor pollicis longus proximal attachment

A

posterior aspect of the radius and midshaft of ulna

96
Q

Abductor pollicis longus distal attachment

A

Base of first metacarpal (dorsal surface)

97
Q

Abductor pollicis longus action

98
Q

Fascia of the palm is continuous with:

A

Antebrachial fascia and fascia of dorsum of hand

99
Q

Thenar eminence

A

base of thumb

100
Q

Hypothenar

A

Hypothenar

101
Q

fascia of the palm

A

Palmar aponeurosis

102
Q

tubes which enclose synovial sheaths

A

Fibrous digital sheaths

103
Q

________ muscles of the hand make up ___ compartments

A

intrinsic

5

104
Q

Intrinsic muscles of the hand in 5 compartments:

A 
Thenar compartment
Adductor compartment
Hypothenar compartment
Central compartment
Interosseous compartments
105
Q

thenar muscles

A

Thenar compartment

106
Q

hypothenar muscles

A

Hypothenar compartment

107
Q

Hypothenar compartment

A

short muscles –lumbricals

108
Q

Interosseous compartments

A

interosseous muscles

109
Q

What is the posterior border of the anatomical snuffbox?

A

Extensor pollicus longus

110
Q

What is the anterior border of the anatomical snuffbox

A

Extensor pollicis brevis

abductor pollicis longus

111
Q

Interosseous compartments of the hand:

A
  • 1st-3rd palmar interossi
  • Thenar compartment
  • Adductor compartment
  • Hypothenar compartment
  • Central compartment
112
Q

Thenar compartment

A

flexor pollicis brevis
abductor pollicis brevis
opponens pollicis

113
Q

Adductor compartment

A

adductor pollicis

114
Q

Hypothenar compartment

A
  • abductor digiti minimi
  • opponens digiti minimi
  • flexor digiti minimi
115
Q

Central compartment

A

lumbricals

116
Q

tendons of insertion of fingers

A

Flexor digitorum profundus and superficialis

117
Q

ligaments on fingers

A

palmar ligaments

deep transverse metacarpal ligaments

118
Q

What nerve(s) is at the pink part?

A

Radial nerve

dorsal digital nerve

119
Q

what nerve(s) are at the light orange part

A

Median nerve

palmar branch

120
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the dark orange part?

A

Palmar digital nerves

exclusive area of median nerve

121
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the dark green part

A

Palmar digital nerve

exclusive area of ulnar nerve

122
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the light green part?

A

Ulnar nerve, palmar branch

123
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the pink area

A

Radial nerve
superficial branch
dorsal digital nerves

124
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the first two orange fingers?

A

Exclusive area of median nerve

125
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the orange parts

A

Median nerve

dorsal branches of palmar digital nerves

126
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the dark green part?

A

Dorsal digital nerve (exclusive area of ulnar nerve)

127
Q

what nerve(s) occur at the light green part?

A

Ulnar nerve, dorsal branch

anatomy 214 (7 decks)

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