Lower limb Flashcards
veins of the forearm:
Basilica
Cephalic
Median cubital
Median antebrachial (hand)
- Brachial
- Basilica
- Cephalic
Most ________ nerves form the brachial plexus
cutaneous
Wrist and hand controlled by
Extensor and flexor muscles of the forearm
Flexors and pronators (palm faces back)
-Lie anteriorly
Median nerve
Exeptions: 1 1/2 supplied by ulnar nerve
Extensors and supinator’s
Lie posteriorly
-Radial nerve
Where are the tendons of flexors located?
On the anterior surface
What holds the anterior compartment (flexors) in place-Anterior surface pf wrist?
Palmar carpal ligament
flexor retinaculum
Flexor (pronator) muscles: 3 layers
- Superficial layer
- Intermediate layer
- Deep layer
attached by common flexor tendon at common flexor attachment
Superficial layer of flexors
Superficial (1st layer) muscles (4)
- Pronator teres
- Flexor carpi radialis
- Palmaris longus
- Flexor carpi ulnaris
Intermediate layer (2nd layer)
Flexor digitorium superficialis
Deep (3rd layer)
- Flexor digitorium profundus
- Flexor pollicis longus
- Pronator quadratus
Flexor carpi radialis
Flexor carpi radialis nerve supply
median nerve
Flexor carpi radialis proximal attachment
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Flexor carpi radialis distal attachment
Base of second and third metacarpal, anterior (palmar surface)
Flexor carpi radialis actions
- Flexion
- Abduction
Palmaris longus
Palmaris longus proximal attachment
Medial epicondyle of humerus
Palmaris longus distal attachment
Palmaris aponeurosis of second, thrid, fourth and fifth metacarpals
Palmaris longus nerve supply
Median nerve
Palmaris longus action
Flexion
Flexor carpi ulnaris
Flexor carpi ulnaris nerve supply
Ulnar nerve
Flexor carpi ulnaris proximal attachment
Medial epicondyle of humerus, posterior aspect of proximal ulna
Flexor carpi ulnaris distal attachment
pisiform, hamate and base of fifth metacarpal
Flexor carpi ulnaris action
Flexion and adduction
Flexor digitorium superficialis
Flexor digitorium superficialis nerve supply
median nerve
Flexor digitorium superficialis proximal attachment
Medial epicondyle of the humerus.
Ulnar head: medial coronoid process.
Radial head: Upper two thirds of anterior border of radius
Flexor digitorium superficialis distal attachment
Split tendons attach to sides of middle phalanx of four fingers (palmar surface)
Flexor digitorium superficialis action
Flexion of wrist and fingers
Flexor digitorium profundus
Flexor digitorium profundus nerve supply
median (2-3 fingers) and ulnar nerve (4-5 fingers)
Flexor digitorium profundus proximal attachment
Proximal three-fourths of anterior and medial ulna
Flexor digitorium profundus distal attachment
Base of distal phalanxes of the four fingers
Flexor digitorium profundus action
Flexion of wrist and fingers
Flexor pollicis longus
Flexor pollicis longus nerve supply
median nerve
Flexor pollicis longus proximal attachment
middle anterior surface of radius and from the anterior medial border of ulna, just distal to coronoid process
Flexor pollicis longus distal attachment
Base of distal phalanx of thumb (palmar surface)
Flexor pollicis longus actions
flexion
Posterior compartment
extensor muscles
Posterior compartment (extensor muscles) all have the same nerve supply:
Radial nerve
Group 1 : extensor muscles
extend and adduct/abduct the hand at wrist joint
Group 2: extensor muscles
extend the medial 4 fingers
Group 3: extensor muscles
extend or abduct thumb
Some extensor muscles attache to the _______ via the ____________
- lateral epicondyle
- common extensor tendon